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We investigate the relationship between a dark matter halo's mass profile and measures of the velocity dispersion of kinematic tracers within its gravitational potential. By predicting the scaling relation of the halo mass with the aperture…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-03-13 Andrew Sullivan , Chris Power , Connor Bottrell

Velocity distribution of dark matter is assumed to be isotropic in most cases, however, anisotropy is suggested in some simulations. Directional direct detection of dark matter is a hopeful way to discriminate the anisotropy of dark matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-10 Keiko I. Nagao

Directionally sensitive dark matter (DM) direct detection experiments present the only way to observe the full three-dimensional velocity distribution of the Milky Way halo local to Earth. In this work we compare methods for extracting…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-10 Bradley J. Kavanagh , Ciaran A. J. O'Hare

We probe the self-interactions of dark matter using observational data of relaxed galaxy groups and clusters. Our analysis uses the Jeans formalism and considers a wider range of systematic effects than in previous work, including adiabatic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-20 Laura Sagunski , Sophia Gad-Nasr , Brian Colquhoun , Andrew Robertson , Sean Tulin

In a recent paper, a new parametrization for the dark matter (DM) speed distribution f(v) was proposed for use in the analysis of data from direct detection experiments. This parametrization involves expressing the logarithm of the speed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-04-23 Bradley J. Kavanagh

This report summarises progress made in estimating the local density of dark matter ($\rho_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}}$), a quantity that is especially important for dark matter direct detection experiments. We outline and compare the most common…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-10-27 Pablo F. de Salas , Axel Widmark

We explore the density profile, shape, and virial mass of the Milky Way's dark matter halo using K giants (KG) from LAMOST and SDSS/SEGUE, as well as blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars from SDSS. Incorporating Gaia DR3 proper motions, we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-15 Lan Zhang , Xiang-Xiang Xue , Ling Zhu , Ruizhi Zhang , Chengqun Yang , Shi Shao , Jiang Chang , Feilu Wang , Hao Tian , Gang Zhao , Chao Liu

We introduce a new, non-parametric method for estimating the mass enclosed within a sphere of arbitrary radius centered on the Sun. The method is based on the divergence theorem as applied to measurements of the line-of-sight accelerations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-05 Thomas Donlon , Lawrence M. Widrow , Sukanya Chakrabarti

We explore the ability of directional nuclear-recoil detectors to constrain the local velocity distribution of weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter by performing Bayesian parameter estimation on simulated recoil-event data…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-04 Samuel K. Lee , Annika H. G. Peter

Cosmological simulations of dark matter structures have shown that the equilibrated dark matter structures have a fairly small angular momentum. It appears from these N-body simulations that the radial profile of the angular momentum has an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Kasper B. Schmidt , Steen H. Hansen , Jin H. An , Liliya L. R. Williams , Andrea V. Maccio'

Context. Kinematical data such as the mean velocities and velocity dispersions of stellar samples are useful tools to study galactic structure and evolution. However, observational data are often incomplete (e.g., lacking the radial…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-19 Toktam Aghajani , Lennart Lindegren

We present a novel, data-driven analysis of Galactic dynamics, using unsupervised machine learning -- in the form of density estimation with normalizing flows -- to learn the underlying phase space distribution of 6 million nearby stars…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-05 Sung Hak Lim , Eric Putney , Matthew R. Buckley , David Shih

We demonstrate that all properties of the hot X-ray emitting gas in galaxy clusters are completely determined by the underlying dark matter (DM) structure. Apart from the standard conditions of spherical symmetry and hydrostatic equilibrium…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-06 Teddy F. Frederiksen , Steen H. Hansen , Ole Host , Marco Roncadelli

As we are entering the era of precision cosmology, it is necessary to count on accurate cosmological predictions from any proposed model of dark matter. In this paper we present a novel approach to the cosmological evolution of scalar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-04 L. Arturo Ureña-López , Alma X. Gonzalez-Morales

Dwarf satellite galaxies are ideal laboratories for identifying particle Dark Matter signals. When setting limits on particle Dark Matter properties from null searches, it becomes however crucial the level at which the Dark Matter density…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-07-26 Piero Ullio , Mauro Valli

Despite strong evidence for the existence of large amounts of dark matter (DM) in our Universe, there is no direct indication of its presence in our own solar system. All estimates of the local DM density rely on extrapolating results on…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-12-23 Bradley J. Kavanagh , Timon Emken , Riccardo Catena

We present a method to calculate, without making assumptions about the local dark matter velocity distribution, the maximal and minimal number of signal events in a direct detection experiment given a set of constraints from other direct…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-09-06 Alejandro Ibarra , Andreas Rappelt

A recent analysis of data from the ESA Gaia mission demonstrated that the kinematics of stars in the Milky Way can be modelled without invoking the presence of dark matter whatsoever. Indeed, the higher-than-Keplerian velocities observed in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-04-12 Davide Astesiano , Sergio L. Cacciatori , Massimo Dotti , Francesco Haardt , Federico Re

We present a new method for studying tracers in gravitational systems where higher moments of the line-of-sight velocity distribution are introduced via Virial equations rather than the Jeans equations. Unlike the fourth order Jeans…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-04-25 Thomas Richardson , Malcolm Fairbairn

We use Gaia photometry and astrometry to estimate the vertical spatial structure of the Milky Way at the Solar radius, formally accounting for sample incompleteness (the selection function) and parallax measurement uncertainty. Our results…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-02-16 Andrew Everall , Vasily Belokurov , N. Wyn Evans , Douglas Boubert , Robert J. J. Grand