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We study the complexity of the reachability problem for Vector Addition Systems with States (VASSes) in fixed dimensions. We provide four lower bounds improving the currently known state-of-the-art: 1) \np-hardness for unary flat $4$-VASSes…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Wojciech Czerwiński , Łukasz Orlikowski

We study an expressive model of timed pushdown automata extended with modular and fractional clock constraints. We show that the binary reachability relation is effectively expressible in hybrid linear arithmetic with a rational and an…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Lorenzo Clemente , Sławomir Lasota

Vector Addition Systems with States (VASS), equivalent to Petri nets, are a well-established model of concurrency. The central algorithmic challenge in VASS is the reachability problem: is there a run from a given starting state and counter…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Dmitry Chistikov , Wojciech Czerwiński , Filip Mazowiecki , Łukasz Orlikowski , Henry Sinclair-Banks , Karol Węgrzycki

This papers presents a general framework for the uniform random generation of deterministic real-time accessible pushdown automata. A polynomial time algorithm to randomly generate a pushdown automaton having a fixed stack operations total…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-03-26 Pierre-Cyrille Héam , Jean-Luc Joly

We consider the decidability of state-to-state reachability in linear time-invariant control systems over continuous time. We analyse this problem with respect to the allowable control sets, which are assumed to be the image under a linear…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-16 Mohan Dantam , Amaury Pouly

The undecidability of basic decision problems for general FIFO machines such as reachability and unboundedness is well-known. In this paper, we provide an underapproximation for the general model by considering only runs that are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Benedikt Bollig , Alain Finkel , Amrita Suresh

A turn in a computation of a pushdown automaton is a switch from a phase in which the height of the pushdown store increases to a phase in which it decreases. Given a pushdown or one-counter automaton, we consider, for each string in its…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Giovanni Pighizzini

Motivated by the success of bounded model checking framework for finite state machines, Ouaknine and Worrell proposed a time-bounded theory of real-time verification by claiming that restriction to bounded-time recovers decidability for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-08-18 Shankara Narayanan Krishna , Lakshmi Manasa , Ashutosh Trivedi

We introduce the notion of adaptive synchronisation for pushdown automata, in which there is an external observer who has no knowledge about the current state of the pushdown automaton, but can observe the contents of the stack. The…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-16 A. R. Balasubramanian , K. S. Thejaswini

Higher-order pushdown systems (PDSs) generalise pushdown systems through the use of higher-order stacks, that is, a nested "stack of stacks" structure. These systems may be used to model higher-order programs and are closely related to the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Matthew Hague , C. -H. Luke Ong

This paper investigates the time-bounded version of the reachability problem for hybrid automata. This problem asks whether a given hybrid automaton can reach a given target location within T time units, where T is a constant rational…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-04-29 Thomas Brihaye , Laurent Doyen , Gilles Geeraerts , Joël Ouaknine , Jean-François Raskin , James Worrell

Branching VASS (BVASS) generalise vector addition systems with states by allowing for special branching transitions that can non-deterministically distribute a counter value between two control states. A run of a BVASS consequently becomes…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Stefan Göller , Christoph Haase , Ranko Lazić , Patrick Totzke

The reachability analysis of recursive programs that communicate asynchronously over reliable FIFO channels calls for restrictions to ensure decidability. Our first result characterizes communication topologies with a decidable reachability…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Alexander Heussner , Jérôme Leroux , Anca Muscholl , Grégoire Sutre

We study safety verification for multithreaded programs with recursive parallelism (i.e. unbounded thread creation and recursion) as well as unbounded integer variables. Since the threads in each program configuration are structured in a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Matthew Hague , Anthony Widjaja Lin

Numerous properties of vector addition systems with states amount to checking the (un)boundedness of some selective feature (e.g., number of reversals, run length). Some of these features can be checked in exponential space by using…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-11-02 Stéphane Demri

Determining the complexity of the reachability problem for vector addition systems with states (VASS) is a long-standing open problem in computer science. Long known to be decidable, the problem to this day lacks any complexity upper bound…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-20 Michael Blondin , Alain Finkel , Stefan Göller , Christoph Haase , Pierre McKenzie

In this tutorial, we illustrate through examples how we can combine two classical models, namely those of pushdown automata (PDA) and timed automata, in order to obtain timed pushdown automata (TPDA). Furthermore, we describe how the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-12-18 Parosh Aziz Abdulla , Mohamed Faouzi Atig , Jari Stenman

Petri nets, also known as vector addition systems, are a long established model of concurrency with extensive applications in modelling and analysis of hardware, software and database systems, as well as chemical, biological and business…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Wojciech Czerwinski , Slawomir Lasota , Ranko Lazic , Jerome Leroux , Filip Mazowiecki

Vector addition system with states (VASS) is a popular model for the verification of concurrent systems. VASS consists of finitely many control states and a set of counters which can be incremented and decremented, but not tested for zero.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-21 A. R. Balasubramanian

Timed pushdown automata are pushdown automata extended with a finite set of real-valued clocks. Additionaly, each symbol in the stack is equipped with a value representing its age. The enabledness of a transition may depend on the values of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-28 Parosh Aziz Abdulla , Mohamed Faouzi Atig , Jari Stenman