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TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem), a classic NP-complete problem in combinatorial optimization, is of great significance in multiple fields. Exact algorithms for TSP are not practical due to their exponential time cost. Thus, approximate…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Yang Li , Junbin Gao , Mingyuan Bai , Chengjun Li , Gang Liu

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most prominent combinatorial optimization problems. Given a complete graph G = (V, E) and non-negative distances d for every edge, the TSP asks for a shortest tour through all vertices with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Ulrich Pferschy , Rostislav Stanek

In the Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) we are given a list of locations and the distances between each pair of them. The goal is to find the shortest possible tour that visits each location exactly once and returns to the starting…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Evripidis Bampis , Bruno Escoffier , Michalis Xefteris

Meta-heuristics are frequently used to tackle NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems. With this paper we contribute to the understanding of the success of 2-opt based local search algorithms for solving the traveling salesman problem…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-08-14 Olaf Mersmann , Bernd Bischl , Heike Trautmann , Markus Wagner , Frank Neumann

The Travelling Salesman Problem is one the most fundamental and most studied problems in approximation algorithms. For more than 30 years, the best algorithm known for general metrics has been Christofides's algorithm with approximation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-10-05 Marcin Mucha

Among various variants of the traveling salesman problem, the s-t-path graph TSP has the special feature that we know the exact integrality ratio, 3/2, and an approximation algorithm matching this ratio. In this paper, we go below this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Vera Traub , Jens Vygen

We study the problem of finding a tour of $n$ points in which every edge is long. More precisely, we wish to find a tour that visits every point exactly once, maximizing the length of the shortest edge in the tour. The problem is known as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-29 László Kozma , Tobias Mömke

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) consists of finding the length of the shortest closed tour visiting N ``cities''. We consider the Euclidean TSP where the cities are distributed randomly and independently in a d-dimensional unit…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 N. J. Cerf , J. Boutet de Monvel , O. Bohigas , O. C. Martin , A. G. Percus

Given a complete edge-weighted graph G, we present a polynomial time algorithm to compute a degree-four-bounded spanning Eulerian subgraph of 2G that has at most 1.5 times the weight of an optimal TSP solution of G. Based on this algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-12-23 Tobias Mömke

We study sublinear time algorithms for the traveling salesman problem (TSP). First, we focus on the closely related {\em maximum path cover} problem, which asks for a collection of vertex disjoint paths that include the maximum number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Soheil Behnezhad , Mohammad Roghani , Aviad Rubinstein , Amin Saberi

We present a framework for approximating the metric TSP based on a novel use of matchings. Traditionally, matchings have been used to add edges in order to make a given graph Eulerian, whereas our approach also allows for the removal of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Tobias Mömke , Ola Svensson

A new characterization of Hamiltonian graphs using f-cutset matrix is proposed. Based on this new characterization, a new exact polynomial time algorithm for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) is developed. We then define the so-called…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-02-26 Dhananjay P. Mehendale

In this paper, an iterative algorithm is designed to compute the sparse graphs for traveling salesman problem (TSP) according to the frequency quadrilaterals so that the computation time of the algorithms for TSP will be lowered. At each…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-01-30 Yong Wang , Jeffrey Remmel

The subtour relaxation of the traveling salesman problem (TSP) plays a central role in approximation algorithms and polyhedral studies of the TSP. A long-standing conjecture asserts that the integrality gap of the subtour relaxation for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-01 William Cook , Stefan Hougardy , Moritz Petrich

One of the most studied extensions of the famous Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) is the {\sc Multiple TSP}: a set of $m\geq 1$ salespersons collectively traverses a set of $n$ cities by $m$ non-trivial tours, to minimize the total…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Max Deppert , Matthias Kaul , Matthias Mnich

We present a new approach for gluing tours over certain tight, 3-edge cuts. Gluing over 3-edge cuts has been used in algorithms for finding Hamilton cycles in special graph classes and in proving bounds for 2-edge-connected subgraph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Arash Haddadan , Alantha Newman

We present an approach for the traveling salesman problem with graph metric based on Steiner cycles. A Steiner cycle is a cycle that is required to contain some specified subset of vertices. For a graph $G$, if we can find a spanning tree…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-07-11 Satoru Iwata , Alantha Newman , R. Ravi

We study the metric $s$-$t$ path Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). [An, Kleinberg, and Shmoys, STOC 2012] improved on the long standing $\frac{5}{3}$-approximation factor and presented an algorithm that achieves an approximation factor of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Zhihan Gao

We present a $1.5$-approximation for the Metric Path Traveling Salesman Problem (Path TSP). All recent improvements on Path TSP crucially exploit a structural property shown by An, Kleinberg, and Shmoys [Journal of the ACM, 2015], namely…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Rico Zenklusen

Let $P$ be a set of points in $\mathbb{R}^d$, and let $\alpha \ge 1$ be a real number. We define the distance between two points $p,q\in P$ as $|pq|^{\alpha}$, where $|pq|$ denotes the standard Euclidean distance between $p$ and $q$. We…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2010-02-03 Mark de Berg , Fred van Nijnatten , René Sitters , Gerhard J. Woeginger , Alexander Wolff