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Using the cosmological perturbation theory in terms of the delta-N formalism, we find the simple formulation of the evolution of the curvature perturbation in generalized gravity theories. Compared with the standard gravity theory, a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-08-12 Tomohiro Matsuda

Linear cosmological perturbation theory is pivotal to a theoretical understanding of current cosmological experimental data provided e.g. by cosmic microwave anisotropy probes. A key issue in that theory is to extract the gauge invariant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-02-17 K. Giesel , S. Hofmann , T. Thiemann , O. Winkler

We study second-order cosmological perturbations in scalar-tensor models of dark energy that satisfy local gravity constraints, including f(R) gravity. We derive equations for matter fluctuations under a sub-horizon approximation and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-12 Takayuki Tatekawa , Shinji Tsujikawa

Perturbation theory in geometric theories of gravitation is a gauge theory of symmetric tensors defined on a Lorentzian manifold (the background spacetime). The gauge freedom makes uniqueness problems in perturbation theory particularly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-03 Marc Mars , Borja Reina , Raül Vera

We present an approach to cosmological perturbations based on a covariant perturbative expansion between two worldlines in the real inhomogeneous universe. As an application, at an arbitrary order we define an exact scalar quantity which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Kari Enqvist , Janne Hogdahl , Sami Nurmi , Filippo Vernizzi

We present simple expressions for the relativistic first and second order fractional density perturbations for FL cosmologies with dust, in four different gauges: the Poisson, uniform curvature, total matter and synchronous gauges. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-20 Claes Uggla , John Wainwright

The \delta N formula for the primordial curvature perturbation \zeta is extended to include vector as well as scalar fields. Formulas for the tree-level contributions to the spectrum and bispectrum of \zeta are given, exhibiting statistical…

We analyse the stability issue of the vector and axial modes of the torsion and nonmetricity tensors around general backgrounds in the framework of cubic Metric-Affine Gravity. We show that the presence of cubic order invariants defined…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-24 Sebastian Bahamonde , Jorge Gigante Valcarcel

The ekpyrotic slow contraction or the slow expansion might be responsible for the adiabatical production of the nearly scale invariant curvature perturbation. However, the tensor perturbation generated is generally strongly blue, which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-11-22 Yun-Song Piao

Scalar perturbations of Friedmann-Lemaitre cosmologies can be analyzed in a variety of ways using Einstein's field equations, the Ricci and Bianchi identities, or the conservation equations for the stress-energy tensor, and possibly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-03 Claes Uggla , John Wainwright

We develop a fully gauge invariant analysis of gravitational wave polarizations in metric f(R) gravity with a particular focus on the modified Starobinsky model, whose constant curvature solution provides a natural deSitter background for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-06 Ramesh Radhakrishnan , David McNutt , Delaram Mirfendereski , Alejandro Pinero , Eric Davis , William Julius , Gerald Cleaver

We investigate the first and second order cosmological perturbation equations in f(R) modified gravity theory and provide the equation of motion of second order scalar induced gravitational waves. We find that the effects of modified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-14 Jing-Zhi Zhou , Yu-Ting Kuang , Di Wu , Fei-Yu Chen , H. Lü , Zhe Chang

We discuss the issue of observables in general-relativistic perturbation theory, adopting the view that any observable in general relativity is represented by a scalar field on spacetime. In the context of perturbation theory, an observable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Marco Bruni , Sebastiano Sonego

The relativistic theory of structure formation in cosmology is based mainly on linear perturbations about a homogeneous background. But we are now driven to understand the theory of higher-order perturbations in full detail, both from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-24 Chris Clarkson

The problem of maintaining scale and conformal invariance in Maxwell and general N-form gauge theories away from their critical dimension d=2(N+1) is analyzed.We first exhibit the underlying group-theoretical clash between…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Deser , A. Schwimmer

We present two complex scalar gauge invariants for perturbations of the Kerr spacetime defined covariantly in terms of the Killing vectors and the conformal Killing-Yano tensor of the background together with the linearized curvature and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-06 Steffen Aksteiner , Thomas Bäckdahl

We define fully non-perturbative generalizations of the uniform density and comoving curvature perturbations, which are known, in the linear theory, to be conserved on sufficiently large scales for adiabatic perturbations. Our non-linear…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 David Langlois , Filippo Vernizzi

We remark on the existence of non-linearly realized conformal symmetries for scalar adiabatic perturbations in cosmology. These conformal symmetries are present for any cosmological background, beyond any slow-roll or quasi-de Sitter…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-08-21 Kurt Hinterbichler , Lam Hui , Justin Khoury

We give a detailed and improved presentation of our recently proposed formalism for non-linear perturbations in cosmology, based on a covariant and fully non-perturbative approach. We work, in particular, with a covector combining the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 David Langlois , Filippo Vernizzi

We compute the second-order matching conditions for tensor metric perturbations at an abrupt change in the equation of state. For adiabatic perturbations on large scales the matching hypersurface coincides with a uniform-density…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-29 Frederico Arroja , Hooshyar Assadullahi , Kazuya Koyama , David Wands