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Deep Reinforcement Learning methods have achieved state of the art performance in learning control policies for the games in the Atari 2600 domain. One of the important parameters in the Arcade Learning Environment (ALE) is the frame skip…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Aravind Srinivas , Sahil Sharma , Balaraman Ravindran

Recent research has shown that although Reinforcement Learning (RL) can benefit from expert demonstration, it usually takes considerable efforts to obtain enough demonstration. The efforts prevent training decent RL agents with expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Si-An Chen , Voot Tangkaratt , Hsuan-Tien Lin , Masashi Sugiyama

In state of the art model-free off-policy deep reinforcement learning, a replay memory is used to store past experience and derive all network updates. Even if both state and action spaces are continuous, the replay memory only holds a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Sabrina Hoppe , Marc Toussaint

More and more evidence has shown that strengthening layer interactions can enhance the representation power of a deep neural network, while self-attention excels at learning interdependencies by retrieving query-activated information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Yanwen Fang , Yuxi Cai , Jintai Chen , Jingyu Zhao , Guangjian Tian , Guodong Li

Due to its perceptual limitations, an agent may have too little information about the state of the environment to act optimally. In such cases, it is important to keep track of the observation history to uncover hidden state. Recent deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Miguel Suau , Jinke He , Elena Congeduti , Rolf A. N. Starre , Aleksander Czechowski , Frans A. Oliehoek

Deep Q Network (DQN) firstly kicked the door of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) via combining deep learning (DL) with reinforcement learning (RL), which has noticed that the distribution of the acquired data would change during the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Jiajun Fan , Changnan Xiao , Yue Huang

Using deep neural nets as function approximator for reinforcement learning tasks have recently been shown to be very powerful for solving problems approaching real-world complexity. Using these results as a benchmark, we discuss the role…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-21 Vincent François-Lavet , Raphael Fonteneau , Damien Ernst

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) is unquestionably a robust framework to train autonomous agents in a wide variety of disciplines. However, traditional deep and shallow model-free RL algorithms suffer from low sample efficiency and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Per-Arne Andersen , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Morten Goodwin

Watkins' and Dayan's Q-learning is a model-free reinforcement learning algorithm that iteratively refines an estimate for the optimal action-value function of an MDP by stochastically "visiting" many state-ation pairs [Watkins and Dayan,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Matthew T. Regehr , Alex Ayoub

Model-based reinforcement learning uses models to plan, where the predictions and policies of an agent can be improved by using more computation without additional data from the environment, thereby improving sample efficiency. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Animesh Kumar Paul , Videh Raj Nema

Deep reinforcement learning has shown its success in game playing. However, 2.5D fighting games would be a challenging task to handle due to ambiguity in visual appearances like height or depth of the characters. Moreover, actions in such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Yu-Jhe Li , Hsin-Yu Chang , Yu-Jing Lin , Po-Wei Wu , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang

Transformers are neural network models that utilize multiple layers of self-attention heads and have exhibited enormous potential in natural language processing tasks. Meanwhile, there have been efforts to adapt transformers to visual tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Li Meng , Morten Goodwin , Anis Yazidi , Paal Engelstad

In the last decade, deep learning has achieved great success in machine learning tasks where the input data is represented with different levels of abstractions. Driven by the recent research in reinforcement learning using deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Dejan Markovikj

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are used to learn representations in partially observable environments. For agents that learn online and continually interact with the environment, it is desirable to train RNNs with real-time recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Esraa Elelimy , Adam White , Michael Bowling , Martha White

Advancements in parallel processing have lead to a surge in multilayer perceptrons' (MLP) applications and deep learning in the past decades. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) give additional representational power to feedforward MLPs by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-22 Saahil Ognawala , Justin Bayer

The widespread use of knowledge graphs in various fields has brought about a challenge in effectively integrating and updating information within them. When it comes to incorporating contexts, conventional methods often rely on rules or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Ngoc Quach , Qi Wang , Zijun Gao , Qifeng Sun , Bo Guan , Lillian Floyd

This paper introduces Q-learning with gradient target tracking, a novel reinforcement learning framework that provides a learned continuous target update mechanism as an alternative to the conventional hard update paradigm. In the standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Bum Geun Park , Taeho Lee , Donghwan Lee

Recurrent neural networks have gained widespread use in modeling sequential data. Learning long-term dependencies using these models remains difficult though, due to exploding or vanishing gradients. In this paper, we draw connections…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-27 Bo Chang , Minmin Chen , Eldad Haber , Ed H. Chi

Current end-to-end machine reading and question answering (Q\&A) models are primarily based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with attention. Despite their success, these models are often slow for both training and inference due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-26 Adams Wei Yu , David Dohan , Minh-Thang Luong , Rui Zhao , Kai Chen , Mohammad Norouzi , Quoc V. Le

Financial market prediction and optimal trading strategy development remain challenging due to market complexity and volatility. Our research in quantum finance and reinforcement learning for decision-making demonstrates the approach of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-24 Siddhant Dutta , Nouhaila Innan , Alberto Marchisio , Sadok Ben Yahia , Muhammad Shafique