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The complete evaporation of black holes, as a natural endpoint of Hawking radiation, gives rise to the black hole information paradox, which fundamentally challenges the principles of unitarity and information conservation in quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-10 Zhilong Liu , Wentao Liu , Zehua Tian , Jieci Wang

We resolve black hole information paradox within semiclassical gravity, in a manner that does not depend on details of unknown quantum gravity. Our crucial insight is that outgoing Hawking particles are physical only far from the black hole…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-27 Hrvoje Nikolic

In this invited review, we describe Hawking's information paradox and a recently proposed resolution of it. Explicit calculations demonstrate the existence of quantum hair on black holes, meaning that the quantum state of the external…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-08-24 Xavier Calmet , Stephen D. H. Hsu

We analyze a system consisting of an oscillator coupled to a field. With the field traced out as an environment, the oscillator loses coherence on a very short {\it decoherence timescale}; but, on a much longer {\it relaxation timescale},…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-08-04 J. R. Anglin , R. Laflamme , W. H. Zurek , J. P. Paz

Semiclassical reasoning suggests that the process by which an object collapses into a black hole and then evaporates by emitting Hawking radiation may destroy information, a problem often referred to as the black hole information paradox.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-22 R. Srikanth , Srikanth Hebri

We study a proposal for the resolution of the black hole information puzzle within the context of modified versions of quantum theory involving spontaneous reduction of the quantum state. The theories of this kind, which were developed in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-17 Daniel Bedingham , Sujoy K. Modak , Daniel Sudarsky

In both classical and quantum world, information cannot appear or disappear. This fundamental principle, however, is questioned for a black hole, by the acclaimed "information loss paradox". Based on the conservation laws of energy, charge,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-08-13 Baocheng Zhang , Qing-yu Cai , Ming-sheng Zhan , Li You

We provide a pedagogical introduction to the concepts underlying black hole information loss, intended for readers familiar with special relativity and quantum mechanics. We emphasize that there is no paradox of information loss, and that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-04 Thiago T. Bergamaschi

We study the formation of black holes by spherical domain wall collapse as seen by an asymptotic observer, using the functional Schrodinger formalism. To explore what signals such observers will see, we study radiation of a scalar quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Tanmay Vachaspati , Dejan Stojkovic , Lawrence M. Krauss

We propose a step towards a resolution to black hole information paradox by analyzing scattering amplitudes of a complex scalar field around a Schwarzschild black hole. The scattering cross section reveals much information on the incoming…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-03-17 I. Y. Park

The main purpose of this work is to build classically stationary bubbles, within the thin-shell formalism, which are unstable under quantum effects; they either collapse into a black hole or expand. Thus, the final state can be thought of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-27 Guillem Domènech , Misao Sasaki

An important reason why it is currently difficult to unify relativity theory and quantum theory is the quantum information paradox. The information engulfment pointed out by general relativity violates the principles of quantum mechanics.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-30 Yangting Liu

This paper investigates the information loss paradox in the WKB/tunneling picture of Hawking radiation. In the tunneling picture one can obtain the tunneling amplitude to all orders in $\hbar$. However all terms beyond the lowest,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-17 Douglas Singleton , Elias C. Vagenas , Tao Zhu , Ji-Rong Ren

The black hole information loss paradox has plagued physicists since Hawking's discovery that black holes evaporate thermally in contradiction to the unitarity expected by quantum mechanics. Here we show that one of the central presumptions…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 John Smolin , Jonathan Oppenheim

We give general overview of a novel approach, recently developed by us, to address the issue black hole information paradox. This alternative viewpoint is based on theories involving modifications of standard quantum theory, known as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-03-30 Sujoy K. Modak , Daniel Sudarsky

The information loss paradox is usually stated as an incompatibility between general relativity and quantum mechanics. However, the assumptions leading to the problem are often overlooked and, in fact, a careful inspection of the main…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-10-19 Luca Buoninfante , Francesco Di Filippo , Shinji Mukohyama

The complete gravitational collapse of a body in general relativity will result in the formation of a black hole. Although the black hole is classically stable, quantum particle creation processes will result in the emission of Hawking…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-02 William G. Unruh , Robert M. Wald

In this thesis, we have studied the information loss paradox in detail. As a first step, we have derived the main results of quantum field theory in a curved background. We have discussed the case of the free scalar Klein-Gordon field and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-02 Francisco Martínez López

The gravity-scalar field system in spherical symmetry provides a natural setting for exploring gravitational collapse and its aftermath in quantum gravity. In a canonical approach, we give constructions of the constraint and Hamiltonian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-14 Daniel R. Terno

Suppose we allow a system to fall freely from infinity to a point near (but not beyond) the horizon of a black hole. We note that in a sense the information in the system is already lost to an observer at infinity. Once the system is too…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-04-05 Samir D. Mathur