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Related papers: Optimal Selfish Mining Strategies in Bitcoin

200 papers

The selfish mining attack, arguably the most famous game-theoretic attack in blockchain, indicates that the Bitcoin protocol is not incentive-compatible. Most subsequent works mainly focus on strengthening the selfish mining strategy, thus…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Mengqian Zhang , Yuhao Li , Jichen Li , Chaozhe Kong , Xiaotie Deng

Proof-of-Work blockchain, despite its numerous benefits, is still not an entirely secure technology due to the existence of Selfish Mining (SM) strategies that can disrupt the system and its mining economy. While the effect of SM has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Tin Leelavimolsilp , Long Tran-Thanh , Sebastian Stein , Viet Hung Nguyen

Cryptocurrencies have gained popularity due to their transparency, security, and accessibility compared to traditional financial systems, with Bitcoin, introduced in 2009, leading the market. Bitcoin's security relies on blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Dinitha Wijewardhana , Sugandima Vidanagamachchi , Nalin Arachchilage

We study selfish mining attacks in longest-chain blockchains like Bitcoin, but where the proof of work is replaced with efficient proof systems -- like proofs of stake or proofs of space -- and consider the problem of computing an optimal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Amirali Ebrahimzadeh , Mehrdad Karrabi , Krzysztof Pietrzak , Michelle Yeo , Đorđe Žikelić

In this paper, we provide a novel dynamic decision method of blockchain selfish mining by applying the sensitivity-based optimization theory. Our aim is to find the optimal dynamic blockchain-pegged policy of the dishonest mining pool. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Jing-Yu Ma , Quan-Lin Li

Bitcoin-NG is an extensible blockchain protocol based on the same trust model as Bitcoin. It divides each epoch into one Key-Block and multiple Micro-Blocks, effectively improving transaction processing capacity. Bitcoin-NG adopts a special…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Junjie Hu , Zhe Jiang , Chunxiang Xu

Selfish Mining is strategic rule-breaking to maximize rewards in proof-of-work protocols [3] and Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are the preferred tool for finding optimal strategies in Bitcoin [4, 10] and similar linear chain protocols…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Patrik Keller

Bitcoin-NG, a scalable blockchain protocol, divides each block into a key block and many micro blocks to effectively improve the transaction processing capacity. Bitcoin-NG has a special incentive mechanism (i.e. splitting transaction fees…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Taotao Wang , Xiaoqian Bai , Hao Wang , Soung Chang Liew , Shengli Zhang

This paper studies a fundamental problem regarding the security of blockchain PoW consensus on how the existence of multiple misbehaving miners influences the profitability of selfish mining. Each selfish miner (or attacker interchangeably)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Qianlan Bai , Yuedong Xu , Nianyi Liu , Xin Wang

Mining for Bitcoins is a high-risk high-reward activity. Miners, seeking to reduce their variance and earn steadier rewards, collaborate in pooling strategies where they jointly mine for Bitcoins. Whenever some pool participant is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Ben A. Fisch , Rafael Pass , Abhi Shelat

Bitcoin is a digital currency designed to rely on a decentralized, trustless network of anonymous agents. Using a pseudonymous-address-linking procedure that achieves >99% sensitivity and >99% specificity, we reveal that between launch…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Alyssa Blackburn , Christoph Huber , Yossi Eliaz , Muhammad S. Shamim , David Weisz , Goutham Seshadri , Kevin Kim , Shengqi Hang , Erez Lieberman Aiden

Although Bitcoin was intended to be a decentralized digital currency, in practice, mining power is quite concentrated. This fact is a persistent source of concern for the Bitcoin community. We provide an explanation using a simple model to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Nick Arnosti , S. Matthew Weinberg

Bitcoin was recently introduced as a peer-to-peer electronic currency in order to facilitate transactions outside the traditional financial system. The core of Bitcoin, the Blockchain, is the history of the transactions in the system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-04 Siamak Solat , Maria Potop-Butucaru

Bitcoin is a decentralized P2P digital currency in which coins are generated by a distributed set of miners and transaction are broadcasted via a peer-to-peer network. While Bitcoin provides some level of anonymity (or rather pseudonymity)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-01-09 Alex Biryukov , Ivan Pustogarov

Blockchain denial of service (BDoS) and selfish mining are the two most crucial attacks on blockchain technology. A classical DoS attack targets the computer network to limit, restrict, or stop accessing the system of authorized users which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Md. Ahsan Habib , Md. Motaleb Hossen Manik

The consensus protocol named proof of work (PoW) is widely applied by cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. Although security of a PoW cryptocurrency is always the top priority, it is threatened by mining attacks like selfish mining. Researchers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Hanqing Liu , Na Ruan , Joseph K. Liu

The core of many cryptocurrencies is the decentralised validation network operating on proof-of-work technology. In these systems, validation is done by so-called miners who can digitally sign blocks once they solve a computationally-hard…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Sheng-Nan Li , Carlo Campajola , Claudio J. Tessone

Bitcoin-NG is among the first blockchain protocols to approach the \emph{near-optimal} throughput by decoupling blockchain operation into two planes: leader election and transaction serialization. Its decoupling idea has inspired a new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Jianyu Niu , Ziyu Wang , Fangyu Gai , Chen Feng

Bitcoin is a "crypto currency", a decentralized electronic payment scheme based on cryptography which has recently gained excessive popularity. Scientific research on bitcoin is less abundant. A paper at Financial Cryptography 2012…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-04-11 Nicolas T. Courtois , Marek Grajek , Rahul Naik

The security of Bitcoin protocols is deeply dependent on the incentives provided to miners, which come from a combination of block rewards and transaction fees. As Bitcoin experiences more halving events, the protocol reward converges to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Roozbeh Sarenche , Alireza Aghabagherloo , Svetla Nikova , Bart Preneel