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Gaussian processes (GPs) are flexible non-parametric models, with a capacity that grows with the available data. However, computational constraints with standard inference procedures have limited exact GPs to problems with fewer than about…

Gaussian processes (GPs) defined through intrinsic random fields provide a flexible framework for modeling spatial phenomena, and have been advocated in a variety of applications over the past several decades. Nevertheless, their adoption…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Christopher Beattie , David Higdon , Leanna House , Colby Stakun-Pickering , Jared Clark

This paper describes and illustrates functionality of the spNNGP R package. The package provides a suite of spatial regression models for Gaussian and non-Gaussian point-referenced outcomes that are spatially indexed. The package implements…

Computation · Statistics 2021-04-16 Andrew O. Finley , Abhirup Datta , Sudipto Banerjee

A gentle introduction to Gaussian processes (GPs). The three parts of the document consider GPs for regression, classification, and dimensionality reduction.

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-01 Mark Ebden

Gaussian Process (GP) regression is a flexible non-parametric approach to approximate complex models. In many cases, these models correspond to processes with bounded physical properties. Standard GP regression typically results in a proxy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Andrew Pensoneault , Xiu Yang , Xueyu Zhu

This document serves to complement our website which was developed with the aim of exposing the students to Gaussian Processes (GPs). GPs are non-parametric Bayesian regression models that are largely used by statisticians and geospatial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Kshitij Tiwari

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are a generic modelling tool for supervised learning. While they have been successfully applied on large datasets, their use in safety-critical applications is hindered by the lack of good performance guarantees. To…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-27 David Reeb , Andreas Doerr , Sebastian Gerwinn , Barbara Rakitsch

Gaussian processes (GPs) are very widely used for modeling of unknown functions or surfaces in applications ranging from regression to classification to spatial processes. Although there is an increasingly vast literature on applications,…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-28 Lizhen Lin , Mu Niu , Pokman Cheung , David Dunson

Gaussian stochastic process emulation is a powerful tool for approximating computationally intensive computer models. However, estimation of parameters in the GaSP emulator is a challenging task. No closed-form estimator is available, and…

Computation · Statistics 2026-05-06 Mengyang Gu , Jesús Palomo , James O. Berger

For multivariate spatial Gaussian process (GP) models, customary specifications of cross-covariance functions do not exploit relational inter-variable graphs to ensure process-level conditional independence among the variables. This is…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-19 Debangan Dey , Abhirup Datta , Sudipto Banerjee

Gaussian processes (GPs) are popular nonparametric statistical models for learning unknown functions and quantifying the spatiotemporal uncertainty in data. Recent works have extended GPs to model scalar and vector quantities distributed…

Gaussian Processes (GPs) offer an attractive method for regression over small, structured and correlated datasets. However, their deployment is hindered by computational costs and limited guidelines on how to apply GPs beyond simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Kenza Tazi , Jihao Andreas Lin , Ross Viljoen , Alex Gardner , ST John , Hong Ge , Richard E. Turner

Gaussian processes (GP) are a versatile tool in machine learning and computational science. We here consider the case of multi-output Gaussian processes (MOGP) and present low-rank approaches for efficiently computing the posterior mean of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Sebastian Esche , Martin Stoll

Gaussian processes (GPs) provide flexible distributions over functions, with inductive biases controlled by a kernel. However, in many applications Gaussian processes can struggle with even moderate input dimensionality. Learning a low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Ian A. Delbridge , David S. Bindel , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Fitting a theoretical model to experimental data in a Bayesian manner using Markov chain Monte Carlo typically requires one to evaluate the model thousands (or millions) of times. When the model is a slow-to-compute physics simulation,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-25 Steven Stetzler , Michael Grosskopf , Earl Lawrence

In this paper, we propose a Gaussian Process (GP) emulator for the calculation of a) tomographic weak lensing band-power spectra, and b) coefficients of summary data massively compressed with the MOPED algorithm. In the former case…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-29 Arrykrishna Mootoovaloo , Alan F. Heavens , Andrew H. Jaffe , Florent Leclercq

We propose a parallelizable sparse inverse formulation Gaussian process (SpInGP) for temporal models. It uses a sparse precision GP formulation and sparse matrix routines to speed up the computations. Due to the state-space formulation used…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-29 Alexander Grigorievskiy , Neil Lawrence , Simo Särkkä

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are a popular approach to predict the output of a parameterized experiment. They have many applications in the field of Computer Experiments, in particular to perform sensitivity analysis, adaptive design of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-08 Hossein Mohammadi , Rodolphe Le Riche , Nicolas Durrande , Eric Touboul , Xavier Bay

Gaussian process (GP) methods have been widely studied recently, especially for large-scale systems with big data and even more extreme cases when data is sparse. Key advantages of these methods consist in: 1) the ability to provide…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-13 Chenyi Lyu , Xingchi Liu , Lyudmila Mihaylova

In this paper, we explore the application of Gaussian Processes (GPs) for predicting mean-reverting time series with an underlying structure, using relatively unexplored functional and augmented data structures. While many conventional…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-03-05 Narayan Tondapu