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Absolutely maximally entangled (AME) states are multipartite entangled states that are maximally entangled for any possible bipartition. In this paper, we study the description of AME states within the graph state formalism. The graphical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-13 Wolfram Helwig

Graph states are multi-particle entangled states that correspond to mathematical graphs, where the vertices of the graph take the role of quantum spin systems and edges represent Ising interactions. They are many-body spin states of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Hein , J. Eisert , H. J. Briegel

We study entanglement properties of hypergraph states in arbitrary finite dimension. We compute multipartite entanglement of elementary qudit hypergraph states, namely those endowed with a single maximum-cardinality hyperedge. We show that,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Daniele Malpetti , Alfredo Bellisario , Chiara Macchiavello

Graph states form a rich class of entangled states that exhibit important aspects of multi-partite entanglement. At the same time, they can be described by a number of parameters that grows only moderately with the system size. They have a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Hein , W. Dür , J. Eisert , R. Raussendorf , M. Van den Nest , H. -J. Briegel

Multi-qubit quantum states corresponding to bipartite graphs $G(U,V,E)$ are examined. These states are constructed by applying $CNOT$ gates to an arbitrary separable multi-qubit quantum state. The entanglement distance of the resulting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Kh. P. Gnatenko

The entanglement properties of a multiparty pure state are invariant under local unitary transformations. The stabilizer dimension of a multiparty pure state characterizes how many types of such local unitary transformations existing for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 D. H. Zhang , H. Fan , D. L. Zhou

We investigate the properties of different levels of entanglement in graph states which correspond to connected graphs. Combining the operational definition of graph states and the postulates of entanglement measures, we prove that in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-11 Jian-Ming Cai , Zheng-Wei Zhou , Guang-Can Guo

We discuss the construction of $n$-qubit pure states with maximum bipartite entanglement across all possible choices of $k$ vs $n-k$ bi-partitioning, which implies that the Von Neumann entropy of every $k$-qubit reduced density matrix…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-26 Sowrabh Sudevan , Sourin Das

Grid states form a discrete set of mixed quantum states that can be described by graphs. We characterize the entanglement properties of these states and provide methods to evaluate entanglement criteria for grid states in a graphical way.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-28 Joshua Lockhart , Otfried Gühne , Simone Severini

A fundamental problem in quantum information is to describe efficiently multipartite quantum states. An efficient representation in terms of graphs exists for several families of quantum states (graph, cluster, stabilizer states),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-04 Radu Ionicioiu , Tim P. Spiller

We demonstrate that absolutely maximally entangled (AME) states consisting of $N=4n$ qudits with $n\in\{1,2,3,...\}$, each of even local dimension, cannot be realized as graph states. This result imposes strong constraints on AME states in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Jakub Wójcik , Owidiusz Makuta , Wojciech Bruzda , Remigiusz Augusiak

We proposed two classes of multiparticle entangled states, the multigraph states and multihypergraph states, defined by unique operations on the edges and hyperedges. A key discovery is the one-to-one correspondence between the proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-25 Xiao-Dong Zhang , Bin-Bin Cai , Song Lin

Graph states are a class of multi-partite entangled quantum states that are ubiquitous in quantum information. We study equivalence relations between graph states under local unitaries (LU) to obtain distinguishing methods both in local and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Lina Vandré , Jarn de Jong , Frederik Hahn , Adam Burchardt , Otfried Gühne , Anna Pappa

Systems of four nonbinary particles, each having three or more internal states, exhibit maximally entangled states that are inaccessible to four qubits. This breaks the pattern of two- and three-particle systems, in which the existing graph…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Mario Gaeta , Andrei Klimov , Jay Lawrence

Graph states are versatile resources for quantum computation and quantum-enhanced measurement. Their generation illustrates a high level of control over entanglement. We report on the generation of continuous-variable graph states of atomic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-19 Eric S. Cooper , Philipp Kunkel , Avikar Periwal , Monika Schleier-Smith

Graph states provide a powerful framework for describing multipartite entanglement in quantum information science. In their standard formulation, graph states are generated by controlled-$Z$ interactions and naturally encode symmetric…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Matheus R. de Jesus , Eduardo O. C. Hoefel , Renato M. Angelo

Quantum entanglement in multipartite systems cannot be shared freely. In order to illuminate basic rules of entanglement sharing between qubits we introduce a concept of an entangled structure (graph) such that each qubit of a multipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Martin Plesch , Vladimir Buzek

Graph states are a fundamental class of multipartite entangled quantum states with wide-ranging applications in quantum information and computation. In this work, we develop a systematic framework for constructing and analyzing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Konstantinos-Rafail Revis , Hrachya Zakaryan , Zahra Raissi

We introduce and analyze graph-associated entanglement cost, a generalization of the entanglement cost of quantum states to multipartite settings. We identify a necessary and sufficient condition for any multipartite entangled state to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-21 Hayata Yamasaki , Akihito Soeda , Mio Murao

We describe quantum circuits generating four-qubit maximally entangled states, the amount of entanglement being quantified by using the absolute value of the Cayley hyperdeterminant as an entanglement monotone. More precisely, we show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-14 Marc Bataille
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