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The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system can only increase over time. This appears to conflict with the reversible evolution of isolated quantum systems under the Schr\"odinger equation, which preserves…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-16 Florian Meier , Tom Rivlin , Tiago Debarba , Jake Xuereb , Marcus Huber , Maximilian P. E. Lock

We show that the quadratic measure need not be postulated, but follows from the compatibility of two structural features of physical processes: linear reversible evolution prior to the formation of persistent records, and multiplicative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Oskar Axelsson

Quantum mechanics postulates the existence of states determined by a particle position at a single time. This very concept, in conjunction with superposition, induces much of the quantum-mechanical structure. In particular, it implies the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 L. Polley

Probabilities of the outcomes of consecutive quantum measurements can be obtained by construction probability amplitudes, thus implying unitary evolution of the measured system, broken each time a measurement is made. In practice, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-13 D. Sokolovski

A quaternionic version of Quantum Mechanics is constructed using the Schwinger's formulation based on measurements and a Variational Principle. Commutation relations and evolution equations are provided, and the results are compared with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 C. A. M. de Melo , B. M. Pimentel

New insight to the principles of the quantum physics development is given. The correct ways for the construction of new versions of quantum mechanics on the second main postulate base are discussed. The conclusion on the status of the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-07-16 Dmitri Yerchuck , Alla Dovlatova , Felix Borovik , Yauhen Yerchak , Vyacheslav Stelmakh

The primordial confrontation underlying the existence of our universe can be conceived as the battle between entropy and complexity. The law of ever-increasing entropy (Boltzmann H-theorem) evokes an irreversible, one-directional evolution…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-18 Sorin Solomon , Natasa Golo

This paper proposes an interpretation of quantum mechanics, relying on the time-symmetric stochastic dynamics of quantum particles and on non-classical probability theory. Our main purpose is to demonstrate that the wave function and its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Charalampos Antonakos

The Born's rule introduces intrinsic randomness to the outcomes of a measurement performed on a quantum mechanical system. But, if the system is prepared in the eigenstate of an observable then the measurement outcome of that observable is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-31 Trina Chakraborty , Manik Banik , Pinaki Patra

A formulation of non-relativistic quantum mechanics in terms of Newtonian particles is presented in the shape of a set of three postulates. In this new theory, quantum systems are described by ensembles of signed particles which behave as…

General Physics · Physics 2015-09-23 Jean Michel Sellier

Emergence of the classical world from the quantum substrate of our Universe is a long-standing conundrum. I describe three insights into the transition from quantum to classical that are based on the recognition of the role of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-11 Wojciech Hubert Zurek

We raise the issue whether conventional quantum mechanics, which is not a hidden variable theory in the usual Jauch-Piron's sense, might nevertheless be a hidden variable theory in the sense recently conjectured by G. 't Hooft in his…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-07-24 Massimo Blasone , Petr Jizba , Fabio Scardigli

We present a derivation of Born's rule and unitary transforms in Quantum Mechanics, from a simple set of axioms built upon a physical phenomenology of quantization. Combined to Gleason's theorem, this approach naturally leads to the usual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-07 Alexia Auffèves , Philippe Grangier

Quantification starts with sum and product rules that express combination and partition. These rules rest on elementary symmetries that have wide applicability, which explains why arithmetical adding up and splitting into proportions are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-03 John Skilling , Kevin H. Knuth

This paper has two parts, for a specific multiverse, and for the origin of our universe as it resulted from that multiverse. The first is based on the Planck domain and a Chandrasekhar equation that have quantum, relativity, gravity, and…

General Physics · Physics 2009-12-31 Tom Gehrels

Despite its age, quantum theory still suffers from serious conceptual difficulties. To create clarity, mathematical physicists have been attempting to formulate quantum theory geometrically and to find a rigorous method of quantization, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-28 Maik Reddiger

Since its emergence, quantum mechanics has been a challenge for an understanding of reality which is based on our intuition in a classical world. Nevertheless, it has often been tried to impose this understanding of reality on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-12 Gerd Niestegge

A new ensemble interpretation of quantum mechanics is proposed according to which the ensemble associated to a quantum state really exists: it is the ensemble of all the systems in the same quantum state in the universe. Individual systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Lee Smolin

I outline a neo-Bohrian interpretation of quantum mechanics -- a view of quantum mechanics that accords with the core insights in Bohr's thinking, with a twist that justifies the prefix `neo.' In a second part of the paper, I show how von…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Jeffrey Bub

New status in quantum mechanics is connected with recent achievements in the inverse problem. With its help instead of about ten exactly solvable models which serve as a basis of the contemporary education there are infinite (!) number,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. N. Zakhariev , V. M. Chabanov