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Related papers: Sensitivity Analysis Without Assumptions

200 papers

A common concern when trying to draw causal inferences from observational data is that the measured covariates are insufficiently rich to account for all sources of confounding. In practice, many of the covariates may only be proxies of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-31 Oliver Dukes , Ilya Shpitser , Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen

In the context of sensitivity analysis of complex phenomena in presence of uncertainty, we motivate and precise the idea of orienting the analysis towards a critical domain of the studied phenomenon. We make a brief history of related…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-02 Hugo Raguet , Amandine Marrel

Sensitivity analysis for unmeasured confounding under incremental propensity score interventions remains relatively underdeveloped. Incremental interventions define stochastic treatment regimes by multiplying the odds of treatment, offering…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-27 Shuying Shen , Valerio Bacak , Edward H. Kennedy

Sensitivity analysis is popular in dealing with missing data problems particularly for non-ignorable missingness. It analyses how sensitively the conclusions may depend on assumptions about missing data e.g. missing data mechanism (MDM). We…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-26 Peng Yin , Jian Qing Shi

We develop a data-driven information-theoretic framework for sharp partial identification of causal effects under unmeasured confounding. Existing approaches often rely on restrictive assumptions, such as bounded or discrete outcomes;…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-24 Yonghan Jung , Bogyeong Kang

Existing work in data fusion has covered identification of causal estimands when integrating data from heterogeneous sources. These results typically require additional assumptions to make valid estimation and inference. However, there is…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-10 Ngoc Q. Duong , Amy J. Pitts , Soohyun Kim , Caleb H. Miles

This paper provides a set of methods for quantifying the robustness of treatment effects estimated using the unconfoundedness assumption (also known as selection on observables or conditional independence). Specifically, we estimate and do…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-01-01 Matthew A. Masten , Alexandre Poirier , Linqi Zhang

Sensitivity analysis (SA) has much to offer for a very large class of applications, such as model selection, calibration, optimization, quality assurance and many others. Sensitivity analysis offers crucial contextual information regarding…

Many methods are available for assessing the importance of omitted variables in linear regression. These methods typically make different, non-falsifiable assumptions. Hence the data alone cannot tell us which method is most appropriate.…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-05 Paul Diegert , Matthew A. Masten , Alexandre Poirier

Predictive algorithms inform consequential decisions in settings with selective labels: outcomes are observed only for units selected by past decision makers. This creates an identification problem under unobserved confounding -- when…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-07 Ashesh Rambachan , Amanda Coston , Edward Kennedy

In some causal inference scenarios, the treatment variable is measured inaccurately, for instance in epidemiology or econometrics. Failure to correct for the effect of this measurement error can lead to biased causal effect estimates.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Antti Pöllänen , Pekka Marttinen

This manuscript unites causal inference and spatial statistics, presenting novel insights for causal inference in spatial data analysis, and drawing from tools in spatial statistics to estimate causal effects. We introduce spatial causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-17 Georgia Papadogeorgou , Srijata Samanta

Inferring causal relationships between variable pairs in the observational study is crucial but challenging, due to the presence of unmeasured confounding. While previous methods employed the negative controls to adjust for the confounding…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-21 Yong Wu , Yanwei Fu , Shouyan Wang , Yizhou Wang , Xinwei Sun

In observational studies, contingency tables provide a simple and intuitive approach to study associations between categorical variables. However, any test of association in contingency tables may be biased due to unmeasured confounders.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-10 Elaine K. Chiu , Hyunseung Kang

Inferring the causal effect of a treatment on an outcome in an observational study requires adjusting for observed baseline confounders to avoid bias. However, adjusting for all observed baseline covariates, when only a subset are…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-04 Wen Wei Loh , Stijn Vansteelandt

Sensitivity analysis is important to assess the impact of unmeasured confounding in causal inference from observational studies. The marginal sensitivity model (MSM) provides a useful approach in quantifying the influence of unmeasured…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-14 Yi Zhang , Wenfu Xu , Zhiqiang Tan

Causal inference with observational studies often relies on the assumptions of unconfoundedness and overlap of covariate distributions in different treatment groups. The overlap assumption is violated when some units have propensity scores…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-19 Shu Yang , Peng Ding

Randomized controlled trials (RCT's) allow researchers to estimate causal effects in an experimental sample with minimal identifying assumptions. However, to generalize or transport a causal effect from an RCT to a target population,…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-08 Melody Huang

When constructing a model to estimate the causal effect of a treatment, it is necessary to control for other factors which may have confounding effects. Because the ignorability assumption is not testable, however, it is usually unclear…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-07 Spencer Woody , Carlos M. Carvalho , Jared S. Murray

In empirical research, when we have multiple estimators for the same parameter of interest, a central question arises: how do we combine unbiased but less precise estimators with biased but more precise ones to improve the inference? Under…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-19 Zhexiao Lin , Peter J. Bickel , Peng Ding