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We design a calculus for true concurrency called CTC, including its syntax and operational semantics. CTC has good properties modulo several kinds of strongly truly concurrent bisimulations and weakly truly concurrent bisimulations, such as…
We discuss some surprising phenomena from basic calculus related to oscillating functions and to the theorem on the differentiability of inverse functions. Among other things, we see that a continuously differentiable function with a strict…
Given any polynomial with real coefficients, the existence of a real quadratic polynomial factor is proven using only basic real analysis. The aim is to provide an approachable proof to anybody who is familiar with the least upper bound…
We develop a theory of real numbers as rational Cauchy sequences, in which any two of them, $(a_n)$ and $(b_n)$, are equal iff $\lim\,(a_n-b_n)=0$. We need such reals in the Countable Mathematical Analysis ([4]) which allows to use only…
The class of uniformly computable real functions with respect to a small subrecursive class of operators computes the elementary functions of calculus, restricted to compact subsets of their domains. The class of conditionally computable…
This is an introduction to calculus, and its applications to basic questions from physics. We first discuss the theory of functions $f:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R$, with the notion of continuity, and the construction of the derivative $f'(x)$ and…
The goal of this paper consists of developing a new (more physical and numerical in comparison with standard and non-standard analysis approaches) point of view on Calculus with functions assuming infinite and infinitesimal values. It uses…
A simple but rigorous proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus is given in geometric calculus, after the basis for this theory in geometric algebra has been explained. Various classical examples of this theorem, such as the Green's and…
The forcing theorem is the most fundamental result about set forcing, stating that the forcing relation for any set forcing is definable and that the truth lemma holds, that is everything that holds in a generic extension is forced by a…
Invariant conditions for conformable fractional problems of the calculus of variations under the presence of external forces in the dynamics are studied. Depending on the type of transformations considered, different necessary conditions of…
A recent paper presents the "false confidence theorem" (FCT) which has potentially broad implications for statistical inference using Bayesian posterior uncertainty. This theorem says that with arbitrarily large (sampling/frequentist)…
This article revisits standard theorems from elementary number theory from a constructive, algorithmic, and proof-theoretic perspective, framed within the theory of computable functionals TCF. Key examples include B\'ezout's identity, the…
The standard axioms of set theory, the Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms (ZFC), do not suffice to answer all questions in mathematics. While this follows abstractly from Kurt G\"odel's famous incompleteness theorems, we nowadays know numerous…
We describe a graph-theoretic syntax for self-referential formulas as well as a four-valued logic to include contradictory and independent formulas. We then explore the degree to which generalized truth tables can be realized in our theory,…
We make use of a finite support product of $\omega_1$ clones of the Jensen minimal $\varPi^1_2$ singleton forcing to obtain a model of ZFC in which every non-empty lightface analytically definable set of reals contains a lightface…
A mathematics student's first introduction to the fundamental theorem of finite fields (FTFF) often occurs in an advanced abstract algebra course and invokes the power of Galois theory to prove it. Yet the combinatorial and algebraic coding…
Transfinite set theory including the axiom of choice supplies the following basic theorems: (1) Mappings between infinite sets can always be completed, such that at least one of the sets is exhausted. (2) The real numbers can be well…
We establish an analogue of the first fundamental theorem of calculus for functions defined on the Wasserstein space of probability measures. Precisely, we show that if a function on the Wasserstein space is sufficiently regular in the…
A new calculus based on fractal subsets of the real line is formulated. In this calculus, an integral of order $\alpha, 0 < \alpha \leq 1$, called $F^\alpha$-integral, is defined, which is suitable to integrate functions with fractal…
This paper enriches preexisting satisfiability tests for unquantified languages, which in turn augment a fragment of Tarski's elementary algebra with unary real functions possessing a continuous first derivative. Two sorts of individual…