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There are several models of quantum computation which exhibit shared fundamental fault-tolerance properties. This article makes commonalities explicit by presenting these different models in a unifying framework based on the ZX calculus. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Hector Bombin , Daniel Litinski , Naomi Nickerson , Fernando Pastawski , Sam Roberts

Commensurate scale relations relate observables to observables and thus are independent of theoretical conventions, such as the choice of intermediate renormalization scheme. The physical quantities are related at commensurate scales which…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Stanley J. Brodsky , Hung Jung Lu

We study quasi-exact quantum error correcting codes and quantum computation with them. A quasi-exact code is an approximate code such that it contains a finite number of scaling parameters, the tuning of which can flow it to corresponding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Dong-Sheng Wang , Guanyu Zhu , Cihan Okay , Raymond Laflamme

Classical coding theory contains several techniques to obtain new codes from other codes, including puncturing and shortening. For quantum codes, a form of puncturing is known, but its description is based on the code space rather than its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jaron Skovsted Gundersen , René Bødker Christensen , Markus Grassl , Petar Popovski , Rafał Wisniewski

The "Sum-Over-Paths" formalism is a way to symbolically manipulate linear maps that describe quantum systems, and is a tool that is used in formal verification of such systems. We give here a new set of rewrite rules for the formalism, and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Renaud Vilmart

Optimising quantum circuits to minimise resource usage is crucial, especially with near-term hardware limited by quantum volume. This paper introduces an optimisation algorithm aiming to minimise non-Clifford gate count and two-qubit gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-29 Calum Holker

Testing graph completeness is a critical problem in computer science and network theory. Leveraging quantum computation, we present an efficient algorithm using the Szegedy quantum walk and quantum phase estimation (QPE). Our algorithm,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Sara Giordano , Miguel A. Martin-Delgado

This is a short review on an interdisciplinary field of quantum information science and statistical mechanics. We first give a pedagogical introduction to the stabilizer formalism, which is an efficient way to describe an important class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-12 Keisuke Fujii

We present a comprehensive and self-contained simplified review of the quantum computing scheme of Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 190504 (2007), which features a 2-D nearest neighbor coupled lattice of qubits, a threshold error rate approaching 1%,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Austin G. Fowler , Ashley M. Stephens , Peter Groszkowski

Consumption of magic states promotes the stabilizer model of computation to universal quantum computation. Here, we propose three different classical algorithms for simulating such universal quantum circuits, and characterize them by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-23 James R. Seddon , Bartosz Regula , Hakop Pashayan , Yingkai Ouyang , Earl T. Campbell

The quantum stabilizer formalism became foundational for understanding error correction soon after the realization of the first useful quantum error correction codes. Stabilizers provide a way to describe sets of quantum states which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Sean Garner , Chenxu Liu , Meng Wang , Samuel Stein , Ang Li

Graphs are closely related to quantum error-correcting codes: every stabilizer code is locally equivalent to a graph code, and every codeword stabilized code can be described by a graph and a classical code. For the construction of good…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-31 Salman Beigi , Isaac Chuang , Markus Grassl , Peter Shor , Bei Zeng

This document introduces a generalization of calculus that treats both continuous and discrete variables on an equal footing. This generalization of calculus was developed independently of the "Calculus on Time Scales" literature but may be…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-02-26 Jay Kaminsky

The importance of quantum error correction in paving the way to build a practical quantum computer is no longer in doubt. This dissertation makes a threefold contribution to the mathematical theory of quantum error-correcting codes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-16 Pradeep Kiran Sarvepalli

Vilmart recently gave a complete equational theory for the balanced sum-over-paths over Toffoli-Hadamard circuits, and by extension Clifford+Rz(2pi/2^k) circuits. Their theory is based on the phase-free ZH-calculus which crucially omits the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-01 Matthew Amy

Compact closed categories provide a foundational formalism for a variety of important domains, including quantum computation. These categories have a natural visualisation as a form of graphs. We present a formalism for equational reasoning…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2009-02-04 Lucas Dixon , Ross Duncan

In this work, we present a novel method to express the stabilizer of a k-uniform complete hypergraph state as a linear combination of local operators. Quantum hypergraph states generalize graph states and exhibit properties that are not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-21 Gabriel M. Arantes , Vinícius Salem , Danilo Cius , Bárbara Amaral

Deciding if a given family of quantum states is topologically ordered is an important but nontrivial problem in condensed matter physics and quantum information theory. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for a family of graph…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-09 Pengcheng Liao , Barry C. Sanders , David L. Feder

This article provides an introduction to surface code quantum computing. We first estimate the size and speed of a surface code quantum computer. We then introduce the concept of the stabilizer, using two qubits, and extend this concept to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-30 Austin G. Fowler , Matteo Mariantoni , John M. Martinis , Andrew N. Cleland

A powerful method for analyzing quantum error-correcting codes is to map them onto classical statistical mechanics models. Such mappings have thus far mostly focused on static codes, possibly subject to repeated syndrome measurements.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Cory T. Aitchison , Benjamin Béri