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We study quantum algorithms for spatial search on finite dimensional grids. Patel et al. and Falk have proposed algorithms based on a quantum walk without a coin, with different operators applied at even and odd steps. Until now, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-14 Andris Ambainis , Renato Portugal , Nikolay Nahimov

The question of whether quantum spatial search in two dimensions can be made optimal has long been an open problem. We report progress towards its resolution by showing that the oracle complexity for target location can be made optimal, by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-07 Abhijith J. , Apoorva Patel

In this survey paper we give an intuitive treatment of the discrete time quantization of classical Markov chains. Grover search and the quantum walk based search algorithms of Ambainis, Szegedy and Magniez et al. will be stated as quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-04 Miklos Santha

Quantum computing promises to improve the information processing power to levels unreachable by classical computation. Quantum walks are heading the development of quantum algorithms for searching information on graphs more efficiently than…

Quantum walks provide a powerful framework for achieving algorithmic speedup in quantum computing. This paper presents a quantum search algorithm for 2-tessellable graphs, a generalization of bipartite graphs, achieving a quadratic speedup…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-18 Gustavo Alves Bezerra , Andris Ambainis , Renato Portugal

The main results on quantum walk search are scattered over different, incomparable frameworks, most notably the hitting time framework, originally by Szegedy, the electric network framework by Belovs, and the MNRS framework by Magniez,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-10 Simon Apers , András Gilyén , Stacey Jeffery

We consider the problem of finding a marked vertex in a graph from an arbitrary starting distribution, using a quantum walk based algorithm. We work in the framework introduced by Belovs which showed how to detect the existence of a marked…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-10 Stephen Piddock

Quantum walk has been successfully used to search for targets on graphs with vertices identified as the elements of a database. This spacial search on a two-dimensional periodic grid takes $\mathcal{O}\left(\sqrt{N\log N}\right)$ oracle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-07 Pulak Ranjan Giri

Mixing properties of discrete-time quantum walks on two-dimensional grids with torus-like boundary conditions are analyzed, focusing on their connection to the complexity of the corresponding abstract search algorithm. In particular, an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-18 F. L. Marquezino , R. Portugal , G. Abal

The Scattering Quantum Random Walk scheme has found success as a basis for search algorithms on highly symmetric graph structures. In this paper we examine its effectiveness at locating a specially marked vertex on square grid graphs,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Daniel Koch

We show how to search N items arranged on a $\sqrt{N}\times\sqrt{N}$ grid in time $O(\sqrt N \log N)$, using a discrete time quantum walk. This result for the first time exhibits a significant difference between discrete time and continuous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andris Ambainis , Julia Kempe , Alexander Rivosh

We contribute to fulfil the long-lasting gap in the understanding of the spatial search with multiple marked vertices. The theoretical framework is that of discrete-time quantum walks (QW), \textit{i.e.} local unitary matrices that drive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-06 Mathieu Roget , Hachem Kadri , Giuseppe Di Molfetta

We solve an open problem by constructing quantum walks that not only detect but also find marked vertices in a graph. In the case when the marked set $M$ consists of a single vertex, the number of steps of the quantum walk is quadratically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-01 Hari Krovi , Frédéric Magniez , Maris Ozols , Jérémie Roland

In typical discrete-time quantum walk algorithms, one measures the position of the walker while ignoring its internal spin/coin state. Rather than neglecting the information in this internal state, we show that additionally measuring it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-20 Krišjānis Prūsis , Jevgēnijs Vihrovs , Thomas G. Wong

There are presently two models for quantum walks on graphs. The "coined" walk uses discrete time steps, and contains, besides the particle making the walk, a second quantum system, the coin, that determines the direction in which the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Mark Hillery , Janos Bergou , Edgar Feldman

The quantum random walk is a possible approach to construct new quantum algorithms. Several groups have investigated the quantum random walk and experimental schemes were proposed. In this paper we present the experimental implementation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jiangfeng Du , Hui Li , Xiaodong Xu , Mingjun Shi , Jihui Wu , Xianyi Zhou , Rongdian Han

Continuous-time quantum walks provide a natural framework to tackle the fundamental problem of finding a node among a set of marked nodes in a graph, known as spatial search. Whether spatial search by continuous-time quantum walk provides a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-24 Simon Apers , Shantanav Chakraborty , Leonardo Novo , Jérémie Roland

Quantum random walks on graphs have been shown to display many interesting properties, including exponentially fast hitting times when compared with their classical counterparts. However, it is still unclear how to use these novel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Neil Shenvi , Julia Kempe , K. Birgitta Whaley

Quantum walk search may exhibit phenomena beyond the intuition from a conventional random walk theory. One of such examples is exceptional configuration phenomenon -- it appears that it may be much harder to find any of two or more marked…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-13 Adam Glos , Nikolajs Nahimovs , Konstantin Balakirev , Kamil Khadiev

Quantum search on the two-dimensional lattice with one marked vertex and cyclic boundary conditions is an important problem in the context of quantum algorithms with an interesting unfolding. It avails to test the ability of quantum walk…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-03 Renato Portugal , Tharso D. Fernandes