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We consider the problem of testing a null hypothesis defined by equality and inequality constraints on a statistical parameter. Testing such hypotheses can be challenging because the number of relevant constraints may be on the same order…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-19 Nils Sturma , Mathias Drton , Dennis Leung

Distribution function is essential in statistical inference, and connected with samples to form a directed closed loop by the correspondence theorem in measure theory and the Glivenko-Cantelli and Donsker properties. This connection creates…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-02 Xueqin Wang , Jin Zhu , Wenliang Pan , Junhao Zhu , Heping Zhang

An analysis of quantum measurement is presented that relies on an information-theoretic description of quantum entanglement. In a consistent quantum information theory of entanglement, entropies (uncertainties) conditional on measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 N. J. Cerf , C. Adami

In this paper, we establish an exponential inequality for U-statistics of i.i.d. data, varying kernel and taking values in a separable Hilbert space. The bound are expressed as a sum of an exponential term plus an other one involving the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-19 Davide Giraudo

The paper treats density measures as typical examples of finitely additive measures in $\mathbb{R}^n$. We study their structure and derive basic properties. In addition, estimates for related integrals are provided. The results are applied…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-26 Moritz Schönherr , Friedemann Schuricht

Kernel mean embedding (KME) is a powerful tool to analyze probability measures for data, where the measures are conventionally embedded into a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). In this paper, we generalize KME to that of von…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-30 Yuka Hashimoto , Isao Ishikawa , Masahiro Ikeda , Fuyuta Komura , Yoshinobu Kawahara

We develop Gaussian approximations for high-dimensional vectors formed by second-order $U$- and $V$-statistics whose kernels depend on sample size under independent but not identically distributed (i.n.i.d.) sampling. Our results hold…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Shunsuke Imai

A statistical measure is given expressing relative occurrences of quantities within a given data set. Application of this measure on several real life physical data sets and some abstract distributions are shown to yield consistent results.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-03-06 Alex Ely Kossovsky

In this work, we define the notion of unimodular random measured metric spaces as a common generalization of various other notions. This includes the discrete cases like unimodular graphs and stationary point processes, as well as the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-07 Ali Khezeli

Kernel methods have been widely applied to machine learning and other questions of approximating an unknown function from its finite sample data. To ensure arbitrary accuracy of such approximation, various denseness conditions are imposed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-25 Benxun Wang , Haizhang Zhang

In the conventional formulation, it is broadly accepted that simultaneous measurability and commutativity of observables are equivalent. However, several objections have been claimed that there are cases in which even nowhere commuting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-28 Masanao Ozawa

Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) has been widely used in the areas of machine learning and statistics to quantify the distance between two distributions in the $p$-dimensional Euclidean space. The asymptotic property of the sample MMD has…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Hanjia Gao , Xiaofeng Shao

We propose a theory of quantum (statistical) measurement which is close, in spirit, to Hepp's theory, which is centered on the concepts of decoherence and macroscopic (classical) observables, and apply it to a model of the Stern-Gerlach…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-03-01 Walter F. Wreszinski

In this article, we propose a class of $L_q$-norm based U-statistics for a family of global testing problems related to high-dimensional data. This includes testing of mean vector and its spatial sign, simultaneous testing of linear model…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-16 Yangfan Zhang , Runmin Wang , Xiaofeng Shao

In a variety of applications it is important to extract information from a probability measure $\mu$ on an infinite dimensional space. Examples include the Bayesian approach to inverse problems and possibly conditioned) continuous time…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-02 Frank Pinski , Gideon Simpson , Andrew Stuart , Hendrik Weber

In a large class of statistical inverse problems it is necessary to suppose that the transformation that is inverted is known. Although, in many applications, it is unrealistic to make this assumption, the problem is often insoluble without…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Aurore Delaigle , Peter Hall , Alexander Meister

The problem of measurement in quantum mechanics is reanalyzed within a general, strictly probabilistic framework (without reduction postulate). Based on a novel comprehensive definition of measurement the natural emergence of objective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Markus Simonius

We establish a strong Gaussian approximation for high-dimensional non-degenerate U-statistics with diverging dimension. Under mild assumptions, we construct, on a sufficiently rich probability space, a Gaussian process that uniformly…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Weijia Li , Leheng Cai , Qirui Hu

Motivated by small bandwidth asymptotics for kernel-based semiparametric estimators in econometrics, this paper establishes Gaussian approximation results for high-dimensional fixed-order $U$-statistics whose kernels depend on the sample…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Shunsuke Imai , Yuta Koike

Generalized linear (GL-) statistics are defined as functionals of an U-quantile process and unify different classes of statistics such as U-statistics and L-statistics. We derive a central limit theorem for GL-statistics of strongly mixing…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-12-02 Svenja Fischer , Roland Fried , Martin Wendler