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Autoformalization, the process of transforming informal mathematical propositions into verifiable formal representations, is a foundational task in automated theorem proving, offering a new perspective on the use of mathematics in both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Ke Weng , Lun Du , Sirui Li , Wangyue Lu , Haozhe Sun , Hengyu Liu , Tiancheng Zhang

We present a reinforcement learning (RL) based guidance system for automated theorem proving geared towards Finding Longer Proofs (FLoP). Unlike most learning based approaches, we focus on generalising from very little training data and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Zsolt Zombori , Adrián Csiszárik , Henryk Michalewski , Cezary Kaliszyk , Josef Urban

Despite the recent progress in automatic theorem provers, proof engineers are still suffering from the lack of powerful proof automation. In this position paper we first report our proof strategy language based on a meta-tool approach.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Yutaka Nagashima

In AI-rich higher education, polished written mathematics has become easier to produce than trustworthy evidence of understanding. This article develops a human-scale methodology for service mathematics, with informatics as its main running…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Siniša Miličić

The ability to automatically generalise (interactive) proofs and use such generalisations to discharge related conjectures is a very hard problem which remains unsolved. Here, we develop a notion of goal types to capture key properties of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-06-11 Gudmund Grov , Ewen Maclean

Engineering needs mathematics, but the converse is also increasingly evident. Indeed, mathematics is still recovering from the drawbacks of several "reforms". Encouraging is the revived interest in proofs indicated by various recent…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2016-01-07 Raymond Boute

This paper outlines our ideas on how to teach linear algebra in a mechanized mathematical environment, and discusses some of our reasons for thinking that this is a better way to teach linear algebra than the ``old fashioned way''. We…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-06-02 Robert M. Corless , David J. Jeffrey , Azar Shakoori

Explainable artificial intelligence techniques are developed at breakneck speed, but suitable evaluation approaches lag behind. With explainers becoming increasingly complex and a lack of consensus on how to assess their utility, it is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Edward Small , Yueqing Xuan , Danula Hettiachchi , Kacper Sokol

We present an approach for testing student learning outcomes in a course on automated reasoning using the Isabelle proof assistant. The approach allows us to test both general understanding of formal proofs in various logical proof systems…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Frederik Krogsdal Jacobsen , Jørgen Villadsen

There is a mismatch between the standard theoretical analyses of statistical machine learning and how learning is used in practice. The foundational assumption supporting the theory is that we can represent features and models using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Annie Cherkaev , Waiming Tai , Jeff Phillips , Vivek Srikumar

Mathematical reasoning demands two critical, complementary skills: constructing rigorous proofs for true statements and discovering counterexamples that disprove false ones. However, current AI efforts in mathematics focus almost…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zenan Li , Zhaoyu Li , Kaiyu Yang , Xiaoxing Ma , Zhendong Su

New proof assistant developments often involve concepts similar to already formalized ones. When proving their properties, a human can often take inspiration from the existing formalized proofs available in other provers or libraries. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-14 Thibault Gauthier , Cezary Kaliszyk

Mathematical theorem proving is an important testbed for large language models' deep and abstract reasoning capability. This paper focuses on improving LLMs' ability to write proofs in formal languages that permit automated proof…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kefan Dong , Arvind Mahankali , Tengyu Ma

We present FormalProofBench, a private benchmark designed to evaluate whether AI models can produce formally verified mathematical proofs at the graduate level. Each task pairs a natural-language problem with a Lean~4 formal statement, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Nikil Ravi , Kexing Ying , Vasilii Nesterov , Rayan Krishnan , Elif Uskuplu , Bingyu Xia , Janitha Aswedige , Langston Nashold

Formalized mathematics has recently garnered significant attention for its ability to assist mathematicians across various fields. Premise retrieval, as a common step in mathematical formalization, has been a challenge, particularly for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yicheng Tao , Haotian Liu , Shanwen Wang , Hongteng Xu

This essay examines how automation has reconfigured mathematical proof and labor, and what might happen in the future. It discusses practical standards of proof, distinguishes between prominent forms of automation in research, provides…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-06-27 Rodrigo Ochigame

Analysing several characteristic mathematical models: natural and real numbers, Euclidean geometry, group theory, and set theory, I argue that a mathematical model in its final form is a junction of a set of axioms and an internal partial…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Boris Čulina

Before we can get the whole potential of employing computers in the process of managing mathematical `knowledge', we have to convert informal knowledge into machine-oriented representations. How exactly to support this process so that it…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2010-10-29 Constantin Jucovschi

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has become the de facto method to elicit reasoning capabilities from large language models (LLMs). However, to mitigate hallucinations in CoT that are notoriously difficult to detect, current methods such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Chengwu Liu , Ye Yuan , Yichun Yin , Yan Xu , Xin Xu , Zaoyu Chen , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Ming Zhang

Proof Blocks is a software tool which enables students to write proofs by dragging and dropping prewritten proof lines into the correct order. These proofs can be graded completely automatically, enabling students to receive rapid feedback…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Seth Poulsen , Mahesh Viswanathan , Geoffrey L. Herman , Matthew West