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A new probabilistic post-processing method for wind vectors is presented in a distributional regression framework employing the bivariate Gaussian distribution. In contrast to previous studies all parameters of the distribution are…

Applications · Statistics 2019-07-26 Moritz N. Lang , Georg J. Mayr , Reto Stauffer , Achim Zeileis

Weather forecasting presents several challenges, including the chaotic nature of the atmosphere and the high computational demands of numerical weather prediction models. To achieve the most accurate predictions, the ideal scenario involves…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-19 Sándor Baran , Mária Lakatos

We propose Bayesian model averaging (BMA) as a method for postprocessing the results of model-based clustering. Given a number of competing models, appropriate model summaries are averaged, using the posterior model probabilities, instead…

Computation · Statistics 2015-07-01 Niamh Russell , Thomas Brendan Murphy , Adrian E Raftery

Ensemble weather predictions require statistical post-processing of systematic errors to obtain reliable and accurate probabilistic forecasts. Traditionally, this is accomplished with distributional regression models in which the parameters…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-01 Stephan Rasp , Sebastian Lerch

Recently, all major weather centres issue ensemble forecasts which even covering the same domain differ both in the ensemble size and spatial resolution. These two parameters highly determine both the forecast skill of the prediction and…

Applications · Statistics 2023-10-26 Marianna Szabó , Estíbaliz Gascón , Sándor Baran

Weather prediction today is performed with numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. These are deterministic simulation models describing the dynamics of the atmosphere, and evolving the current conditions forward in time to obtain a…

Applications · Statistics 2020-03-18 Annette Möller , Jürgen Groß

Probabilistic forecasts of wind speed are important for a wide range of applications, ranging from operational decision making in connection with wind power generation to storm warnings, ship routing and aviation. We present a statistical…

Applications · Statistics 2016-08-06 Michael Scheuerer , David Möller

The computational cost as well as the probabilistic skill of ensemble forecasts depends on the spatial resolution of the numerical weather prediction model and the ensemble size. Periodically, e.g. when more computational resources become…

Applications · Statistics 2020-01-17 Sándor Baran , Martin Leutbecher , Marianna Szabó , Zied Ben Bouallègue

In our contemporary era, meteorological weather forecasts increasingly incorporate ensemble predictions of visibility - a parameter of great importance in aviation, maritime navigation, and air quality assessment, with direct implications…

Applications · Statistics 2025-08-22 Mária Lakatos , Sándor Baran

Seasonal climate predictions support planning and risk management by offering early information of the most likely-to-occur climate conditions in the coming months, and associated uncertainties. Ensemble forecasts enable this by simulating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Parsa Gooya , Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso

Wind gust prediction plays an important role in warning strategies of national meteorological services due to the high impact of its extreme values. However, forecasting wind gusts is challenging because they are influenced by small-scale…

Applications · Statistics 2024-01-24 Cristina Primo , Benedikt Schulz , Sebastian Lerch , Reinhold Hess

Statistical post-processing of global ensemble weather forecasts is revisited by leveraging recent developments in machine learning. Verification of past forecasts is exploited to learn systematic deficiencies of numerical weather…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-10-23 Zied Ben-Bouallegue , Jonathan A Weyn , Mariana C A Clare , Jesper Dramsch , Peter Dueben , Matthew Chantry

Accurate forecasts of extreme wind speeds are of high importance for many applications. Such forecasts are usually generated by ensembles of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, which however can be biased and have errors in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jakob Benjamin Wessel , Christopher A. T. Ferro , Gavin R. Evans , Frank Kwasniok

Ensemble weather forecasts based on multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models typically show systematic errors and require post-processing to obtain reliable forecasts. Accurately modeling multivariate dependencies is crucial in…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Jieyu Chen , Tim Janke , Florian Steinke , Sebastian Lerch

Ensemble forecast post-processing is a necessary step in producing accurate probabilistic forecasts. Conventional post-processing methods operate by estimating the parameters of a parametric distribution, frequently on a per-location or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Peter Mlakar , Janko Merše , Jana Faganeli Pucer

We describe various moment-based ensemble interpretation models for the construction of probabilistic temperature forecasts from ensembles. We apply the methods to one year of medium range ensemble forecasts and perform in and out of sample…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stephen Jewson

We present an operations-ready multi-model ensemble weather forecasting system which uses hybrid data-driven weather prediction models coupled with the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ocean model to predict global…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-03-26 Jonathan A. Weyn , Divya Kumar , Jeremy Berman , Najeeb Kazmi , Sylwester Klocek , Pete Luferenko , Kit Thambiratnam

Uncertainty quantification is crucial to decision-making. A prominent example is probabilistic forecasting in numerical weather prediction. The dominant approach to representing uncertainty in weather forecasting is to generate an ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Lizao Li , Rob Carver , Ignacio Lopez-Gomez , Fei Sha , John Anderson

One essential component of operational space weather forecasting is the prediction of solar flares. With a multitude of flare forecasting methods now available online it is still unclear which of these methods performs best, and none are…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-08-04 Jordan A. Guerra , Sophie A. Murray , D. Shaun Bloomfield , Peter T. Gallagher

This paper studies the application of ensembles composed of multi-output models for multi-step ahead forecasting problems. Dynamic ensembles have been commonly used for forecasting. However, these are typically designed for one-step-ahead…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-27 Vitor Cerqueira , Luis Torgo