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We study dissipative polygonal outer billiards, i.e. outer billiards about convex polygons with a contractive reflection law. We prove that dissipative outer billiards about any triangle and the square are asymptotically periodic, i.e. they…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-10-18 Gianluigi Del Magno , José Pedro Gaivão , Eugene Gutkin

The paper establishes the property of splittability of billiard boundary sequences in n dimensional cube into subsequences of fractional parts. This reveals a new property of integrable and weak perturbated Hamilton systems: under a simple…

chao-dyn · Physics 2016-08-31 A. Yu. Shahverdian

We study a class of planar billiards having the remarkable property that their phase space consists up to a set of zero measure of two invariant sets formed by orbits moving in opposite directions. The tables of these billiards are tubular…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-11-13 Leonid A. Bunimovich , Gianluigi Del Magno

We consider a flat metric with conical singularities on the sphere. Under the assumption that no partial sum of angle defects is equal to $2\pi$, we draw on the geometry of immersed disks to obtain an explicit upper bound on the number of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Kai Fu , Guillaume Tahar

In this long paper we give a fairly complete analysis of outer billiards on the Penrose kite. Our analysis reveals that this 2-dimensional non-compact system has a 3-dimensional compactification, a certain polyhedron exchange map, and that…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2011-02-24 Richard Evan Schwartz

In this paper we define and study the billiard problem on bounded regions on surfaces of constant curvature. We show that this problem defines a 2-dimensional conservative and reversible dynamical system, defined by a Twist diffeomorphism,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-06-14 Luciano Coutinho dos Santos , Sonia Pinto-de-Carvalho

In this paper, outer billiards outside regular octagon are studied in details. We described all periodic points and their periods; also, we proved that the periodic points form a set of full measure outside the octagon and found an…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Filipp Rukhovich

In a previous paper we defined a class of non-compact polygonal billiards, the infinite step billiards: to a given decreasing sequence of non-negative numbers $\{p_{n}$, there corresponds a table $\Bi := \bigcup_{n\in\N} [n,n+1] \times…

chao-dyn · Physics 2007-05-23 Mirko Degli-Esposti , Gianluigi Del Magno , Marco Lenci

We introduce a class of convex, higher-dimensional billiard models which generalise stadium billiards. These models correspond to the free motion of a point-particle in a region bounded by cylinders cut by planes. They are motivated by…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2013-02-07 Thomas Gilbert , David P. Sanders

The classical inner and outer billiards can be formulated in variational terms, with length and area as the respective generating functions. The other two combinations, ``inner with area'' and ``outer with length,'' are more recently…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Lael Edwards-Costa

We consider the outer billiards map with contraction outside polygons. We construct a 1-parameter family of systems such that each system has an open set in which the dynamics is reduced to that of a piecewise contraction on the interval.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-01-26 In-Jee Jeong

We present some foundational results about the outer length billiard system, including its generating function and the invariant area form. We describe the limiting behavior of the orbits far away from the billiard table: the orbits of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Peter Albers , Lael Edwards-Costa , Serge Tabachnikov

A general formula for the linearized Poincar\'e map of a billiard with a potential is derived. The stability of periodic orbits is given by the trace of a product of matrices describing the piecewise free motion between reflections and the…

chao-dyn · Physics 2008-02-03 Holger R. Dullin

A periodic orbit on a frictionless billiard table is a piecewise linear path of a billiard ball that begins and ends at the same point with the same angle of incidence. The period of a primitive periodic orbit is the number of times the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-04-08 Benjamin R. Baer , Faheem Gilani , Zhigang Han , Ronald Umble

By folding an autonomous system of rational equations in the plane to a scalar difference equation, we show that the rational system has coexisting periodic orbits of all possible periods as well as stable aperiodic orbits for certain…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-05-20 N. Lazaryan , H. Sedaghat

Periodic billiard orbits are dense in the phase space of an irrational right triangle. A stronger pointwise density result is also proven.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Serge Troubetzkoy

We study periodic wind-tree models, unbounded planar billiards with periodically located rectangular obstacles. For a class of rational parameters we show the existence of completely periodic directions, and recurrence; for another class of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-01-19 Pascal Hubert , Samuel Lelievre , Serge Troubetzkoy

It is known that $C^1$-smooth strictly convex Radon norms in $\mathbb{R}^2$ can be characterized by the property that the outer billiard map, which corresponds to the unit ball of the norm, has an invariant curve consisting of 4-periodic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Mark Berezovik , Misha Bialy

The aim of this paper is to study quasi-rational polygons related to the outer billiard. We compare different notions introduced, and make a synthesis of those.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-07-27 Nicolas Bedaride

We study the size of the set of ergodic directions for the directional billiard flows on the infinite band $\R\times [0,h]$ with periodically placed linear barriers of length $0<\lambda<h$. We prove that the set of ergodic directions is…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-06-11 Krzysztof Fraczek , Corinna Ulcigrai