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Randomization as a mean to improve the adversarial robustness of machine learning models has recently attracted significant attention. Unfortunately, much of the theoretical analysis so far has focused on binary classification, providing…

Deep neural networks often exhibit substantial disparities in class-wise accuracy, even when trained on class-balanced data, posing concerns for reliable deployment. While prior efforts have explored empirical remedies, a theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Beier Zhu , Kesen Zhao , Jiequan Cui , Qianru Sun , Yuan Zhou , Xun Yang , Hanwang Zhang

Learning unbiased models on imbalanced datasets is a significant challenge. Rare classes tend to get a concentrated representation in the classification space which hampers the generalization of learned boundaries to new test examples. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Salman Khan , Munawar Hayat , Waqas Zamir , Jianbing Shen , Ling Shao

This paper is mainly concerned with the question of how to decompose multiclass classification problems into binary subproblems. We extend known Jensen-Shannon bounds on the Bayes risk of binary problems to hierarchical multiclass problems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-10-12 Ran El-Yaniv , Noam Etzion-Rosenberg

In many real-world applications, data is not collected as one batch, but sequentially over time, and often it is not possible or desirable to wait until the data is completely gathered before analyzing it. Thus, we propose a framework to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-09 Elizabeth Hou , Alfred O. Hero

We consider a model of robust learning in an adversarial environment. The learner gets uncorrupted training data with access to possible corruptions that may be affected by the adversary during testing. The learner's goal is to build a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Idan Attias , Aryeh Kontorovich , Yishay Mansour

In this paper, we introduce a threshold-based framework for multiclass classification that generalizes the standard argmax rule. This is done by replacing the probabilistic interpretation of softmax outputs with a geometric one on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Francesco Marchetti , Edoardo Legnaro , Sabrina Guastavino

We propose thresholding as an approach to deal with class imbalance. We define the concept of thresholding as a process of determining a decision boundary in the presence of a tunable parameter. The threshold is the maximum value of this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-12 Charmgil Hong , Rumi Ghosh , Soundar Srinivasan

Recent work has shown that state-of-the-art classifiers are quite brittle, in the sense that a small adversarial change of an originally with high confidence correctly classified input leads to a wrong classification again with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Matthias Hein , Maksym Andriushchenko

Binary classification is a common statistical learning problem in which a model is estimated on a set of covariates for some outcome indicating the membership of one of two classes. In the literature, there exists a distinction between hard…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-20 Patrick K. Kimes , D. Neil Hayes , J. S. Marron , Yufeng Liu

Training Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with adversarial examples often results in poor generalization to test-time adversarial data. This paper investigates this issue, known as adversarially robust generalization, through the lens of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-11 Jiancong Xiao , Ruoyu Sun , Qi Long , Weijie J. Su

We study a family of adversarial multiclass classification problems and provide equivalent reformulations in terms of: 1) a family of generalized barycenter problems introduced in the paper and 2) a family of multimarginal optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Nicolas Garcia Trillos , Matt Jacobs , Jakwang Kim

This study investigates the misclassification excess risk bound in the context of 1-bit matrix completion, a significant problem in machine learning involving the recovery of an unknown matrix from a limited subset of its entries. Matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 The Tien Mai

In this paper we introduce and analyze the learning scenario of \emph{coupled nonlinear dimensionality reduction}, which combines two major steps of machine learning pipeline: projection onto a manifold and subsequent supervised learning.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-26 Mehryar Mohri , Afshin Rostamizadeh , Dmitry Storcheus

We address the problem of multi-class classification in the case where the number of classes is very large. We propose a double sampling strategy on top of a multi-class to binary reduction strategy, which transforms the original…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-15 Bikash Joshi , Massih-Reza Amini , Ioannis Partalas , Franck Iutzeler , Yury Maximov

We develop new approaches in multi-class settings for constructing proper scoring rules and hinge-like losses and establishing corresponding regret bounds with respect to the zero-one or cost-weighted classification loss. Our construction…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-18 Zhiqiang Tan , Xinwei Zhang

We study the sample complexity of learning neural networks, by providing new bounds on their Rademacher complexity assuming norm constraints on the parameter matrix of each layer. Compared to previous work, these complexity bounds have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Noah Golowich , Alexander Rakhlin , Ohad Shamir

For classification models based on neural networks, the maximum predicted class probability is often used as a confidence score. This score rarely predicts well the probability of making a correct prediction and requires a post-processing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Adrien LeCoz , Stéphane Herbin , Faouzi Adjed

We present a bound for value-prediction error with respect to model misspecification that is tight, including constant factors. This is a direct improvement of the "simulation lemma," a foundational result in reinforcement learning. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Sam Lobel , Ronald Parr

Conditional kernel mean embeddings are nonparametric models that encode conditional expectations in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. While they provide a flexible and powerful framework for probabilistic inference, their performance is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-09 Kelvin Hsu , Richard Nock , Fabio Ramos