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Detector-device-independent quantum key distribution (ddiQKD) held the promise of being robust to detector side-channels, a major security loophole in QKD implementations. In contrast to what has been claimed, however, we demonstrate that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-21 Shihan Sajeed , Anqi Huang , Shihai Sun , Feihu Xu , Vadim Makarov , Marcos Curty

We discuss quantum key distribution protocols and their security analysis, considering a receiver-device-independent (RDI) model. The sender's (Alice's) device is partially characterized, in the sense that we assume bounds on the overlaps…

A quantum key distribution protocol based on entanglement swapping is proposed. Through choosing particles by twos from the sequence and performing Bell measurements, two communicators can detect eavesdropping and obtain the secure key.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fei Gao , Fenzhuo Guo , Qiaoyan Wen , Fuchen Zhu

In theory, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security. In practice, however, it does not due to the discrepancies between the assumptions used in the security proofs and the behaviour of the real apparatuses.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Margarida Pereira , Go Kato , Akihiro Mizutani , Marcos Curty , Kiyoshi Tamaki

Device-independent quantum key distribution protocols allow two honest users to establish a secret key with minimal levels of trust on the provider, as security is proven without any assumption on the inner working of the devices used for…

Understanding the connections between different quantum information protocols has been proven fruitful for both theoretical insights and experimental applications. In this work, we explore the relationship between non-local and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Matilde Baroni , Eleni Diamanti , Damian Markham , Ivan Šupić

Quantum information tasks are often analyzed under varying trust assumptions about the devices involved. The semi-device-independent (SDI) framework offers a balance between needed assumptions and experimental feasibility. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Raffaele D'Avino , Gabriel Senno , Mir Alimuddin , Antonio Acín

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) can provide enhanced security, as compared to traditional QKD, and it constitutes an important framework for a quantum network with an untrusted network server. Still, a key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-04 Feihu Xu

Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (DIQKD) aims to generate secret keys between two parties without relying on trust in their employed devices, imposing strict noise constraints for key generation. This study explores the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Javier Rivera-Dean , Anna Steffinlongo , Neil Parker-Sánchez , Antonio Acín , Enky Oudot

The Ekert 91 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol appears to be secure whatever devices legitimate users adopt for the protocol, as long as the devices give a result that violates Bell's inequality. However, this is not the case if they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 W. -Y. Hwang

We present a crytographic protocol based upon entangled qutrit pairs. We analyse the scheme under a symmetric incoherent attack and plot the region for which the protocol is secure and compare this with the region of violations of certain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dagomir Kaszlikowski , Kelken Chang , Daniel Kuan Li Oi , L. C. Kwek , C. H. Oh

Conference key agreement aims to establish shared, private randomness among many separated parties in a network. Device-independent conference key agreement (DICKA) is a variant in which the source and the measurement devices used by each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Lewis Wooltorton , Peter Brown , Roger Colbeck

In recent years, several hacking attacks have broken the security of quantum cryptography implementations by exploiting the presence of losses and the ability of the eavesdropper to tune detection efficiencies. We present a simple attack of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-28 Antonio Acín , Daniel Cavalcanti , Elsa Passaro , Stefano Pironio , Paul Skrzypczyk

Device-independent (DI) quantum secret sharing (QSS) can relax the security assumptions about the devices' internal workings and provide QSS the highest level of security in theory. The original DI QSS protocol proved its correctness and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-11 Qi Zhang , Wei Zhong , Ming-Ming Du , Shu-Ting Shen , Xi-Yun Li , An-Lei Zhang , Lan Zhou , Yu-Bo Sheng

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information theoretic security based on quantum mechanics, however, its practical deployment is challenged by imperfections of source devices. Among various source loopholes, correlations between…

Typical security proofs for quantum key distribution (QKD) rely on having some model for the devices, with the security guarantees implicitly relying on the values of various parameters of the model, such as dark count rates or detector…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Ernest Y. -Z. Tan , Shlok Nahar

Photon loss represents a major challenge for the implementation of quantum communication protocols with untrusted devices, e.g. in the device-independent (DI) or semi-DI approaches. Determining critical loss thresholds is usually done in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-30 Michele Masini , Marie Ioannou , Nicolas Brunner , Stefano Pironio , Pavel Sekatski

We provide several general upper bounds on the rate of a key secure against a quantum adversary in the device-independent conference key agreement (DI-CKA) scenario. They include bounds by reduced entanglement measures and those based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-13 Karol Horodecki , Marek Winczewski , Siddhartha Das

Designing a quantum key agreement (QKA) protocol is always a challenging task, because both the security and the fairness properties have to be considered simultaneously. Recently, Zhu et al. (Quantum Inf Process 14(11): 4245-4254) pointed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-29 Jun Gu , Tzonelih Hwang

The security of quantum key distribution (QKD) is severely threatened by discrepancies between realistic devices and theoretical assumptions. Recently, a significant framework called the reference technique was proposed to provide security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Jie Gu , Xiao-Yu Cao , Yao Fu , Zong-Wu He , Ze-Jie Yin , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen