English
Related papers

Related papers: SAT-based Explicit LTL Reasoning

200 papers

Considering the challenges faced by large language models (LLMs) in logical reasoning and planning, prior efforts have sought to augment LLMs with access to external solvers. While progress has been made on simple reasoning problems,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yu Zhang , Hui-Ling Zhen , Zehua Pei , Yingzhao Lian , Lihao Yin , Mingxuan Yuan , Bei Yu

Despite the remarkable coherence of Large Language Models (LLMs), existing evaluation methods often suffer from fluency bias and rely heavily on multiple-choice formats, making it difficult to assess factual accuracy and complex reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Raymond Bernard , Shaina Raza , Subhabrata Das , Rahul Murugan

Propositional satisfiability (SAT) solvers, which typically operate using conjunctive normal form (CNF), have been successfully applied in many domains. However, in some application areas such as circuit verification, bounded model…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-11-19 Tero Laitinen , Tommi Junttila , Ilkka Niemelä

We investigate the satisfaction of specifications in Prompt Linear Temporal Logic (Prompt-LTL) by concurrent systems. Prompt-LTL is an extension of LTL that allows to specify parametric bounds on the satisfaction of eventualities, thus…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Swen Jacobs , Mouhammad Sakr , Martin Zimmermann

Alternating-time temporal logic (ATL) allows to specify requirements on abilities that different agents should (or should not) possess in a multi-agent system. However, model checking ATL specifications in realistic systems is…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Wojciech Jamroga , Michał Knapik , Damian Kurpiewski

Formal reasoning and automated theorem proving constitute a challenging subfield of machine learning, in which machines are tasked with proving mathematical theorems using formal languages like Lean. A formal verification system can check…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Azim Ospanov , Farzan Farnia , Roozbeh Yousefzadeh

We present an extension of the Temporal Logic Synthesis Format (TLSF). TLSF builds on standard LTL, but additionally supports high-level constructs, such as sets and functions, as well as parameters that allow a specification to define a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Swen Jacobs , Guillermo A. Perez , Philipp Schlehuber-Caissier

Automating the translation of natural language (NL) software requirements into formal specifications remains a critical challenge in scaling formal verification practices to industrial settings, particularly in safety-critical domains.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Zhi Ma , Cheng Wen , Zhexin Su , Xiao Liang , Cong Tian , Shengchao Qin , Mengfei Yang

Fact-seeking question answering with large language models (LLMs) remains unreliable when answers depend on up-to-date or conflicting information. Although retrieval-augmented and tool-using LLMs reduce hallucinations, they often rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Auksarapak Kietkajornrit , Jad Tarifi , Nima Asgharbeygi

Latent reasoning represents a new development in Transformer language models that has shown potential in compressing reasoning lengths compared to chain-of-thought reasoning. By directly passing the information-rich previous final latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Alex Ning , Yen-Ling Kuo , Gabe Gomes

We present a formalization of modern SAT solvers and their properties in a form of abstract state transition systems. SAT solving procedures are described as transition relations over states that represent the values of the solver's global…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Filip Maric , Predrag Janicic

We formally study the logical reasoning capabilities of decoder-only Transformers in the context of the boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem. First, we prove by construction that decoder-only Transformers can decide 3-SAT, in a non-uniform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Leyan Pan , Vijay Ganesh , Jacob Abernethy , Chris Esposo , Wenke Lee

This article is about temporal multi-agent logics. Several of these formalisms have been already presented (ATL-ATL*, ATLsc, SL). They enable to express the capacities of agents in a system to ensure the satisfaction of temporal properties.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-03-05 Christophe Chareton , Julien Brunel , David Chemouil

Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with external tools have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning tasks. However, existing frameworks rely heavily on natural language reasoning to determine when tools can be invoked…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yanming Liu , Xinyue Peng , Jiannan Cao , Xinyi Wang , Songhang Deng , Jintao Chen , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang

Linear Temporal Logic over finite traces ($\text{LTL}_f$) is a widely used formalism with applications in AI, process mining, model checking, and more. The primary reasoning task for $\text{LTL}_f$ is satisfiability checking; yet, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Antonio Ielo , Giuseppe Mazzotta , Rafael Peñaloza , Francesco Ricca

The profusion of knowledge encoded in large language models (LLMs) and their ability to apply this knowledge zero-shot in a range of settings makes them promising candidates for use in decision-making. However, they are currently limited by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Gabriel Freedman , Adam Dejl , Deniz Gorur , Xiang Yin , Antonio Rago , Francesca Toni

In the article \The State of SAT", the authors asked whether a procedure dramatically different from DPLL can be found for handling unsatisfiable instances. This study proposes a new linear programming approach to address this issue…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Chengling Fang , Jiang Liu

Satisfiability Modulo Theory (SMT) has recently emerged as a powerful tool for solving various automated reasoning problems across diverse domains. Unlike traditional satisfiability methods confined to Boolean variables, SMT can reason on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Arijit Shaw , Uddalok Sarkar , Kuldeep S. Meel

The satisfiability problem for branching-time temporal logics like CTL*, CTL and CTL+ has important applications in program specification and verification. Their computational complexities are known: CTL* and CTL+ are complete for doubly…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Oliver Friedmann , Martin Lange , Markus Latte

Automatic synthesis from temporal logic specifications is an attractive alternative to manual system design, due to its ability to generate correct-by-construction implementations from high-level specifications. Due to the high complexity…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Philippe Heim , Rayna Dimitrova