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In this work we revisit the elementary scheduling problem $1||\sum p_j U_j$. The goal is to select, among $n$ jobs with processing times and due dates, a subset of jobs with maximum total processing time that can be scheduled in sequence…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Nick Fischer , Leo Wennmann

Given an array A of n real numbers, the maximum subarray problem is to find a contiguous subarray which has the largest sum. The k-maximum subarrays problem is to find k such subarrays with the largest sums. For the 1-maximum subarray the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Hemant Malik , Ovidiu Daescu

Knapsack and Subset Sum are fundamental NP-hard problems in combinatorial optimization. Recently there has been a growing interest in understanding the best possible pseudopolynomial running times for these problems with respect to various…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Adam Polak , Lars Rohwedder , Karol Węgrzycki

In the subset sum problem we are given n positive integers along with a target integer t. A solution is a subset of these integers summing to t. In this short note we show that for a given subset sum instance there is a proof of size…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-02-05 Jesper Nederlof

Bellman's algorithm for Subset Sum is one of the earliest and simplest examples of dynamic programming, dating back to 1957. For a given set of $n$ integers $X$ and a target $t$, it computes the set of subset sums $\mathcal S(X, t)$ (i.e.,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Karl Bringmann , Nick Fischer , Vasileios Nakos

We present space efficient Monte Carlo algorithms that solve Subset Sum and Knapsack instances with $n$ items using $O^*(2^{0.86n})$ time and polynomial space, where the $O^*(\cdot)$ notation suppresses factors polynomial in the input size.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Nikhil Bansal , Shashwat Garg , Jesper Nederlof , Nikhil Vyas

Subset-Sum is an NP-complete problem where one must decide if a multiset of $n$ integers contains a subset whose elements sum to a target value $m$. The best-known classical and quantum algorithms run in time $\tilde{O}(2^{n/2})$ and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-12 Jonathan Allcock , Yassine Hamoudi , Antoine Joux , Felix Klingelhöfer , Miklos Santha

Subset Sum Ratio is the following optimization problem: Given a set of $n$ positive numbers $I$, find disjoint subsets $X,Y \subseteq I$ minimizing the ratio $\max\{\Sigma(X)/\Sigma(Y),\Sigma(Y)/\Sigma(X)\}$, where $\Sigma(Z)$ denotes the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Karl Bringmann

Solving random subset sum instances plays an important role in constructing cryptographic systems. For the random subset sum problem, in 2013 Bernstein et al. proposed a quantum algorithm with heuristic time complexity…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Yang Li , Hongbo Li

We present a collection of new results on problems related to 3SUM, including: 1. The first truly subquadratic algorithm for $\ \ \ \ \ $ 1a. computing the (min,+) convolution for monotone increasing sequences with integer values bounded by…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-19 Timothy M. Chan , Moshe Lewenstein

This paper is concerned with the $1||\sum p_jU_j$ problem, the problem of minimizing the total processing time of tardy jobs on a single machine. This is not only a fundamental scheduling problem, but also a very important problem from a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Karl Bringmann , Nick Fischer , Danny Hermelin , Dvir Shabtay , Philip Wellnitz

The Unbounded Subset-Sum Problem (USSP) is defined as: given sum $s$ and a set of integers $W\leftarrow \{p_1,\dots,p_n\}$ output a set of non-negative integers $\{y_1,\dots,y_n\}$ such that $p_1y_1+\dots+p_ny_n=s$. The USSP is an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Majid Salimi , Hamid Mala

We revisit the 3SUM problem in the \emph{preprocessed universes} setting. We present an algorithm that, given three sets $A$, $B$, $C$ of $n$ integers, preprocesses them in quadratic time, so that given any subsets $A' \subseteq A$, $B'…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Shashwat Kasliwal , Adam Polak , Pratyush Sharma

We study a broad class of algorithmic problems with an "additive flavor" such as computing sumsets, 3SUM, Subset Sum and geometric pattern matching. Our starting point is that these problems can often be solved efficiently for integers,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Nick Fischer

A major goal in the area of exact exponential algorithms is to give an algorithm for the (worst-case) $n$-input Subset Sum problem that runs in time $2^{(1/2 - c)n}$ for some constant $c>0$. In this paper we give a Subset Sum algorithm with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Xi Chen , Yaonan Jin , Tim Randolph , Rocco A. Servedio

An important area of research in exact algorithms is to solve Subset-Sum-type problems faster than meet-in-middle. In this paper we study Pigeonhole Equal Sums, a total search problem proposed by Papadimitriou (1994): given $n$ positive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Ce Jin , Hongxun Wu

The subset sum problem (SSP) can be briefly stated as: given a target integer $E$ and a set $A$ containing $n$ positive integer $a_j$, find a subset of $A$ summing to $E$. The \textit{density} $d$ of an SSP instance is defined by the ratio…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-06-23 Changlin Wan , Zhongzhi Shi

The Subset Sum problem asks whether a given set of $n$ positive integers contains a subset of elements that sum up to a given target $t$. It is an outstanding open question whether the $O^*(2^{n/2})$-time algorithm for Subset Sum by…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-08-26 Per Austrin , Mikko Koivisto , Petteri Kaski , Jesper Nederlof

Integer programs with m constraints are solvable in pseudo-polynomial time in $\Delta$, the largest coefficient in a constraint, when m is a fixed constant. We give a new algorithm with a running time of $O(\sqrt{m}\Delta)^{2m} + O(nm)$,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Klaus Jansen , Lars Rohwedder

We present an algorithm that given a linear program with $n$ variables, $m$ constraints, and constraint matrix $A$, computes an $\epsilon$-approximate solution in $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{rank(A)}\log(1/\epsilon))$ iterations with high probability.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Yin Tat Lee , Aaron Sidford