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Non-negative matrix factorisation (NMF) is a widely used tool for unsupervised learning and feature extraction, with applications ranging from genomics to text analysis and signal processing. Standard formulations of NMF are typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Elisabeth Sommer James , Asger Hobolth , Marta Pelizzola

In live and studio recordings unexpected sound events often lead to interferences in the signal. For non-stationary interferences, sound source separation techniques can be used to reduce the interference level in the recording. In this…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Delia Fano Yela , Sebastian Ewert , Derry FitzGerald , Mark Sandler

Semi-supervised symmetric non-negative matrix factorization (SNMF) utilizes the available supervisory information (usually in the form of pairwise constraints) to improve the clustering ability of SNMF. The previous methods introduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yuheng Jia , Jia-Nan Li , Wenhui Wu , Ran Wang

Coupled decompositions are a widely used tool for data fusion. As the volume of data increases, so does the dimensionality of matrices and tensors, highlighting the need for more efficient coupled decomposition algorithms. This paper…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Erna Begovic , Anita Carevic , Ivana Sain Glibic

Inthischapterwediscusshowtolearnanoptimalmanifoldpresentationto regularize nonegative matrix factorization (NMF) for data representation problems. NMF,whichtriestorepresentanonnegativedatamatrixasaproductoftwolowrank nonnegative matrices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-09 Jim Jing-Yan Wang , Xin Gao

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and its variants have been widely employed in clustering and classification tasks (Long, & Jian , 2021). However, noises can seriously affect the results of our experiments. Our research is dedicated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Cheng Zeng , Jiaqi Tian , Yixuan Xu

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) approximates a given matrix as a product of two non-negative matrices. Multiplicative algorithms deliver reliable results, but they show slow convergence for high-dimensional data and may be stuck…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-05 Felipe Yanez , Francis Bach

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a new knowledge discovery method that is used for text mining, signal processing, bioinformatics, and consumer analysis. However, its basic property as a learning machine is not yet clarified, as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-10 Naoki Hayashi , Sumio Watanabe

The idea of adversarial learning of regularization functionals has recently been introduced in the wider context of inverse problems. The intuition behind this method is the realization that it is not only necessary to learn the basic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-04 Martin Ludvigsen , Markus Grasmair

We propose a new method to enforce priors on the solution of the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). The proposed algorithm can be used for denoising or single-channel source separation (SCSS) applications. The NMF solution is guided to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-03-01 Emad M. Grais , Hakan Erdogan

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely used to dimensionality reduction in machine learning. However, the traditional NMF does not properly handle outliers, so that it is sensitive to noise. In order to improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Tingting Shen , Junhang Li , Can Tong , Qiang He , Chen Li , Yudong Yao , Yueyang Teng

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a powerful technique for analyzing regularly-sampled data, i.e., data that can be stored in a matrix. For audio, this has led to numerous applications using time-frequency (TF) representations like…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-10 Krishna Subramani , Paris Smaragdis , Takuya Higuchi , Mehrez Souden

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is an effective data representation tool with numerous applications in signal processing and machine learning. However, deploying NMF in a decentralized manner over ad-hoc networks introduces privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Ehsan Lari , Reza Arablouei , Stefan Werner

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (SNMF) is equivalent to computing a symmetric nonnegative low rank approximation of a data similarity matrix. It inherits the good data interpretability of the well-known nonnegative matrix…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Qingjiang Shi , Haoran Sun , Songtao Lu , Mingyi Hong , Meisam Razaviyayn

This article proposes new multiplicative updates for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) with the $\beta$-divergence objective function. Our new updates are derived from a joint majorization-minimization (MM) scheme, in which an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Arthur Marmin , José Henrique de Morais Goulart , Cédric Févotte

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely used to learn low-dimensional representations of data. However, NMF pays the same attention to all attributes of a data point, which inevitably leads to inaccurate representation. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Jiao Wei , Can Tong , Bingxue Wu , Qiang He , Shouliang Qi , Yudong Yao , Yueyang Teng

Deep matrix factorizations (deep MFs) are recent unsupervised data mining techniques inspired by constrained low-rank approximations. They aim to extract complex hierarchies of features within high-dimensional datasets. Most of the loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Pierre De Handschutter , Nicolas Gillis

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a key kernel for unsupervised dimension reduction used in a wide range of applications, including topic modeling, recommender systems and bioinformatics. Due to the compute-intensive nature of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Gordon E. Moon , Aravind Sukumaran-Rajam , Srinivasan Parthasarathy , P. Sadayappan

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with U-shaped architectures have dominated medical image segmentation, which is crucial for various clinical purposes. However, the inherent locality of convolution makes CNNs fail to fully exploit…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-14 Pooya Ashtari , Diana M. Sima , Lieven De Lathauwer , Dominique Sappey-Marinier , Frederik Maes , Sabine Van Huffel

The multiplicative update (MU) algorithm has been extensively used to estimate the basis and coefficient matrices in nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) problems under a wide range of divergences and regularizers. However, theoretical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-06-08 Renbo Zhao , Vincent Y. F. Tan