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We study the dynamics and evolution of a C2.3 two-ribbon flare, developed on 2002 August 11, during the impulsive and the long gradual phase. To this end we obtained multiwavelength observations using the CDS spectrometer aboard SOHO,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-03 L. Teriaca , A. Falchi , R. Falciani , G. Cauzzi , L. Maltagliati

Emission of solar flares across the electromagnetic spectrum is often observed in the form of two expanding ribbons. The standard flare model explains the flare ribbons as footpoints of magnetic arcades, emitting due to interaction of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 I. N. Sharykin , A. G. Kosovichev

We detect rapid downflows of 150-217 km/s in IRIS Si IV 1402.77 nm measurements of an X9-class solar flare on 2024 October 3rd. The fast redshift values persist for over 15 minutes from flare onset, and can be split into two distinct stages…

We report high-resolution observations at mid-infrared wavelengths of a minor solar flare, SOL2014-09-24T17T17:50 (C7.0), using Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector (QWIP) cameras at an auxiliary of the McMath-Pierce telescope. The flare…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-23 M Penn , S Krucker , H Hudson , M Jhabvala , D Jennings , A Lunsford , P Kaufmann

We present an unprecedented high-resolution \ha\ imaging spectroscopic observation of a C4.1 flare taken with IBIS on 2011 October 22. The flare consists of a main circular ribbon that occurred in a parasitic magnetic configuration and a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Na Deng , Alexandra Tritschler , Ju Jing , Xin Chen , Chang Liu , Kevin Reardon , Carsten Denker , Yan Xu , Haimin Wang

We used high-resolution observations from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope and the Solar Dynamics Observatory to carry out a detailed multiwavelength analysis of the fine structures in the flare ribbon of a C3.9-class flare on 22 April 2021.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-25 Tianyuan Chen , Xiaoli Yan , Zhike Xue , Jincheng Wang , Zhe Xu , Liheng Yang , Yadan Duan , Yian Zhou , Zongyin Wu , Qifan Dong , Guotang Wu , Xinsheng Zhang

In this paper, we report our multiwavelength observations of the C3.1 circular-ribbon flare SOL2015-10-16T10:20 in AR 12434. The flare consisted of a circular flare ribbon (CFR), an inner flare ribbon (IFR) inside, and a pair of short…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-23 Q. M. Zhang , D. Li , Z. J. Ning

We report on the spectral features of the Si IV 1402.77 \AA, C II 1334.53 \AA, and Mg II h or k lines, formed in the layers from the transition region to the chromosphere, in three two-ribbon flares (with X-, M-, and C-class) observed with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-23 Lingfang Wang , Ying Li , Qiao Li , Xin Cheng , Mingde Ding

Recent high-cadence flare campaigns by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) have offered new opportunities to study rapid processes characteristic of flare energy release, transport, and deposition. Here, we examine high-cadence…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-16 Juraj Lörinčík , Vanessa Polito , Graham S. Kerr , Laura A. Hayes , Alexander J. B. Russell

The bulk of the radiative output of a solar flare is emitted from the chromosphere, which produces enhancements in the optical and UV continuum, and in many lines, both optically thick and thin. We have, until very recently, lacked…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-07 Graham S. Kerr , Paulo J. A. Simões , Jiong Qiu , Lyndsay Fletcher

We report flare ribbons approach (FRA) during a multiple-ribbon M-class flare on 2015 November 4 in NOAA AR 12443, obtained by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph and the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The flare consisted of a pair of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-18 Ting Li , Jun Zhang , Yijun Hou

In this paper, I will present the recent progress on circular-ribbon flares (CRFs) and their related activities, including coronal jets, filaments, CMEs, radio bursts, coronal dimmings, and coronal loop oscillations. Owing to the prevalence…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-30 Qingmin Zhang

Chromospheric evaporation refers to dynamic mass motions in flare loops as a result of rapid energy deposition in the chromosphere. These have been observed as blueshifts in X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) spectral lines corresponding…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-23 Y. Li , M. D. Ding , J. Qiu , J. X. Cheng

We present an analysis of flare ribbon fine structure observed during a GOES C2-class flare using high spatial and spectral resolution multi-line spectropolarimetric observations from the ViSP instrument at the DKIST. The ViSP recorded full…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Rahul Yadav , Maria D. Kazachenko , Gianna Cauzzi , Cole A Tamburri , Marcel Corchado , Ryan French

Dynamics of hot chromospheric plasma of solar flares is a key to understanding of mechanisms of flare energy release and particle acceleration. A moderate M1.0 class flare of 12 June, 2014 (SOL2014-06-12T21:12) was simultaneously observed…

IRIS data allow us to study the solar transition region (TR) with an unprecedented spatial resolution of 0.33 arcsec. On 2013 August 30, we observed bursts of high Doppler shifts suggesting strong supersonic downflows of up to 200 km/s and…

Observations of solar flares at sub-THz frequencies (mm and sub-mm wavelengths) over the last two decades often show a spectral component rising with frequency. Unlike a typical gyrosynchrotron spectrum decreasing with frequency, or a weak…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 E. P. Kontar , G. G. Motorina , N. L. S. Jeffrey , Y. T. Tsap , G. D. Fleishman , A. V. Stepanov

The Interface Region Imaging Spectrometer (IRIS) is the first solar instrument to observe $\sim 10$ MK plasma at subarcsecond spatial resolution through imaging spectroscopy of the Fe XXI $\lambda$1354.1 forbidden line. IRIS observations of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Peter Young , Hui Tian , Sarah Jaeggli

The GOES X1 flare SOL2014-10-25T17:08:00 was a three-ribbon solar flare observed with IRIS in the near and far ultraviolet. One of the flare ribbons crossed a sunspot umbra, producing a dramatic, $\sim1000$% increase in the near-ultraviolet…

The dynamic properties of flare ribbons and the often associated filament eruptions can provide crucial information on the flaring coronal magnetic field. This Letter analyzes the GOES-class X1.0 flare on 2014 March 29…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-21 Chang Liu , Na Deng , Rui Liu , Jeongwoo Lee , Etienne Pariat , Thomas Wiegelmann , Yang Liu , Lucia Kleint , Haimin Wang