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We investigate a linearised Calder\'on problem in a two-dimensional bounded simply connected $C^{1,\alpha}$ domain $\Omega$. After extending the linearised problem for $L^2(\Omega)$ perturbations, we orthogonally decompose $L^2(\Omega) =…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Henrik Garde , Nuutti Hyvönen

Diffusion models have shown strong performances in solving inverse problems through posterior sampling while they suffer from errors during earlier steps. To mitigate this issue, several Decoupled Posterior Sampling methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zhi Qi , Shihong Yuan , Yulin Yuan , Linling Kuang , Yoshiyuki Kabashima , Xiangming Meng

In this paper we address the issue of output instability of deep neural networks: small perturbations in the visual input can significantly distort the feature embeddings and output of a neural network. Such instability affects many deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Stephan Zheng , Yang Song , Thomas Leung , Ian Goodfellow

Many inverse problems are concerned with the estimation of non-negative parameter functions. In this paper, in order to obtain non-negative stable approximate solutions to ill-posed linear operator equations in a Hilbert space setting, we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-21 Ye Zhang , Bernd Hofmann

Generalized sampling is a recently developed linear framework for sampling and reconstruction in separable Hilbert spaces. It allows one to recover any element in any finite-dimensional subspace given finitely many of its samples with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-01-15 Ben Adcock , Anders C. Hansen , Clarice Poon

Accurate reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images is crucial in medical imaging field. However, there are unavoidable interpolation errors in the backprojection step of the conventional reconstruction methods, i.e.,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-06 Hui Lin , Dong Zeng , Qi Xie , Zerui Mao , Jianhua Ma , Deyu Meng

The discretization of least-squares problems for linear ill-posed operator equations in Hilbert spaces is considered. The main subject of this article concerns conditions for convergence of the associated discretized minimum-norm…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Stefan Kindermann

Assume you encounter an inverse problem that shall be solved for a large number of data, but no ground-truth data is available. To emulate this encounter, in this study, we assume it is unknown how to solve the imaging problem of Computed…

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is one of widely used diagnostic tools for medical and dental tomographic imaging of the human body. However, the standard filtered backprojection reconstruction method requires the complete knowledge of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-24 Jae Kyu Choi , Bin Dong , Xiaoqun Zhang

This work is concerned with applying iterative image reconstruction, based on constrained total-variation minimization, to low-intensity X-ray CT systems that have a high sampling rate. Such systems pose a challenge for iterative image…

Medical Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Emil Y. Sidky , Rick Chartrand , Yuval Duchin , Christer Ullberg , Xiaochuan Pan

The inverse problem of backward diffusion is known to be ill-posed and highly unstable. Backward diffusion processes appear naturally in image enhancement and deblurring applications. It is therefore greatly desirable to establish a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-18 Leif Bergerhoff , Marcelo Cárdenas , Joachim Weickert , Martin Welk

Uncalibrated photometric stereo aims at estimating the 3D-shape of a surface, given a set of images captured from the same viewing angle, but under unknown, varying illumination. While the theoretical foundations of this inverse problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Mohammed Brahimi , Yvain Quéau , Bjoern Haefner , Daniel Cremers

Regularization methods have been recently developed to construct stable approximate solutions to classical partial differential equations considered as final value problems. In this paper, we investigate the backward parabolic problem with…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-10-19 Vo Anh Khoa

Tikhonov regularization for projected solutions of large-scale ill-posed problems is considered. The Golub-Kahan iterative bidiagonalization is used to project the problem onto a subspace and regularization then applied to find a subspace…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-16 Rosemary A. Renaut , Saeed Vatankhah , Vahid E. Ardestani

We consider the inverse problem of reconstructing the optical parameters of the radiative transfer equation (RTE) from boundary measurements in the diffusion limit. In the diffusive regime (the Knudsen number $\mathsf{Kn}\ll 1$), the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-08-08 Ru-Yu Lai , Qin Li , Gunther Uhlmann

This paper reviews recent results on hybrid inverse problems, which are also called coupled-physics inverse problems of multi-wave inverse problems. Inverse problems tend to be most useful in, e.g., medical and geophysical imaging, when…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2011-10-24 Guillaume Bal

A new understanding of the notion of the stable solution to ill-posed problems is proposed. The new notion is more realistic than the old one and better fits the practical computational needs. A method for constructing stable solutions in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-01-05 A. G. Ramm

We study reconstruction operators on a Hilbert space that are exact on a given reconstruction subspace. Among those the reconstruction operator obtained by the least squares fit has the smallest operator norm, and therefore is most stable…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Peter Berger , Karlheinz Gröchenig , Gerald Matz

Conditional stability estimates require additional regularization for obtaining stable approximate solutions if the validity area of such estimates is not completely known. In this context, we consider ill-posed nonlinear inverse problems…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-29 Frank Werner , Bernd Hofmann

Inverse problems are fundamental in fields like medical imaging, geophysics, and computerized tomography, aiming to recover unknown quantities from observed data. However, these problems often lack stability due to noise and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Andrea Ebner , Matthias Schwab , Markus Haltmeier