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Human motor activity is constrained by the rhythmicity of the 24 hours circadian cycle, including the usual 12-15 hours sleep-wake cycle. However, activity fluctuations also appear over a wide range of temporal scales, from days to a few…

Zipf's law is found when the vocabulary of long written texts is ranked according to the frequency of word occurrences, establishing a power-law decay for the frequency vs rank relation. This law is a robust statistical property observed…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-02-17 Juan Ignacio Perotti , Orlando Vito Billoni

Track and field world records have risen and fallen throughout the history of the sport. A recent rash of record-breaking performances has prompted the question: "How good can we get?". This article offers a review of several attempts to…

Popular Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. R. Mureika

We analyze the time series of soccer matches in a model-free way using data for the German soccer league (Bundesliga). We argue that the goal difference is a better measure for the overall fitness of a team than the number of points. It is…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-13 Andreas Heuer , Oliver Rubner

We consider a random walk in the plane which takes steps uniformly distributed on the unit circle centered around the walker's current position but avoids the convex hull of its past positions. This model has been introduced by Angel,…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Martin P. W. Zerner

It is proved that the Continuum Hypothesis implies that any sequence of rapid P-points of length $<{\mathfrak c}^{+}$ which is increasing with respect to the Rudin-Keisler ordering is bounded above by a rapid P-point. This is an improvement…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-02-14 Dilip Raghavan , Jonathan L. Verner

Assuming that a threshold Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process is observed at discrete time instants, we propose generalized moment estimators to estimate the parameters. Our theoretical basis is the celebrated ergodic theorem. To use this theorem we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Yaozhong Hu , Yuejuan Xi

We report a statistical analysis over more than eight thousand songs. Specifically, we investigate the probability distribution of the normalized sound amplitudes. Our findings seems to suggest a universal form of distribution which…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-01-18 R. S. Mendes , H. V. Ribeiro , F. C. M. Freire , A. A. Tateishi , E. K. Lenzi

Given a graph $G$ and a bijection $f : E(G)\rightarrow \{1, 2, \ldots,e(G)\}$, we say that a trail/path in $G$ is $f$-\emph{increasing} if the labels of consecutive edges of this trail/path form an increasing sequence. More than 40 years…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-23 Omer Angel , Asaf Ferber , Benny Sudakov , Vincent Tassion

We demonstrate relationships between the classic Euclidean algorithm and many other fields of study, particularly in the context of music and distance geometry. Specifically, we show how the structure of the Euclidean algorithm defines a…

The Horizontal Chord Theorem states that if a continuous curve connects points $A$ and $B$ in the plane, then for any integer $k$ there are points $C$ and $D$ on the curve such that $\overrightarrow{AB}=k \overrightarrow{CD}$. In this note,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-09-21 Mohammad Javaheri

In this paper, we prove a theorem on tight paths in convex geometric hypergraphs, which is asymptotically sharp in infinitely many cases. Our geometric theorem is a common generalization of early results of Hopf and Pannwitz [12],…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-30 Zoltán F\" uredi , Tao Jiang , Alexandr Kostochka , Dhruv Mubayi , Jacques Verstraëte

The classical Birkhoff ergodic theorem in its most popular version says that the time average along a single typical trajectory of a dynamical system is equal to the space average with respect to the ergodic invariant distribution. This…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-12-06 Michael Blank

This paper surveys some of our recent progress on Hardy-type inequa\-lities which consist of a well-known topic in Harmonic Analysis. In the first section, we recall the original probabilistic motivation dealing with the stability speed in…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-02 Mu-Fa Chen

The conformal flow of metrics [2] has been used to successfully establish a special case of the Penrose inequality, which yields a lower bound for the total mass of a spacetime in terms of horizon area. Here we show how to adapt the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-28 Qing Han , Marcus Khuri

We consider the random walk among random conductances on Z^d. We assume that the conductances are independent, identically distributed and uniformly bounded away from 0 and infinity. We obtain a quantitative version of the central limit…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-05-24 Jean-Christophe Mourrat

Nourdin et al. [9] established the following universality result: if a sequence of off-diagonal homogeneous polynomial forms in i.i.d. standard normal random variables converges in distribution to a normal, then the convergence also holds…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-15 Shuyang Bai , Murad S. Taqqu

Let $f$ be a transcendental entire function. By a result of Rippon and Stallard, there exist points whose orbit escapes arbitrarily slowly. By using a range of techniques to prove new covering results, we extend their theorem to prove the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-09-05 James Waterman

We introduce a simple and generic model that reproduces Zipf's law. By regarding the time evolution of the model as a random walk in the logarithmic scale, we explain theoretically why this model reproduces Zipf's law. The explanation shows…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Kenji Kawamura , Naomichi Hatano

We give a sufficient condition for the existence of the harmonic measure from infinity of transient random walks on weighted graphs. In particular, this condition is verified by the random conductance model on $\Z^d$, $d\geq 3$, when the…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-02-16 Daniel Boivin , Clément Rau