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In this article, we extend several algebraic graph analysis methods to bipartite networks. In various areas of science, engineering and commerce, many types of information can be represented as networks, and thus the discipline of network…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-01-16 Jérôme Kunegis

Graphings serve as limit objects for bounded-degree graphs. We define the ``cycle matroid'' of a graphing as a submodular setfunction, with values in [0,1], which generalizes (up to normalization) the cycle matroid of finite graphs. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-08 László Lovász

The classical Whitney's 2-Isomorphism Theorem describes the families of graphs having the same cycle matroid. In this paper we describe the families of graphs having the same truncated cycle matroid and prove, in particular, that every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-03 Jose De Jesus , Alexander Kelmans

We present the theory of multifunctions applied to graphs. Its interesting feature is that walks are recognized as iterations. We consider the graphs with arbitrary number of vertices which are determined by multifunctions. The mutually…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-11-02 Artur Gizycki

Let B_{2t} be a bipartite planar graph with an even number of regions. We are able to find bounds for the graded Betti numbers and the projective dimension of the quotient ring associated to the graph. We also will investigate the minimal…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-04-01 Maurizio Imbesi , Monica La Barbiera

In 30's Hassler Whitney considered and completely solved the problem $(WP)$ of describing the classes of graphs $G$ having the same cycle matroid $M(G)$. A natural analog $(WP)'$ of Whitney's problem $(WP)$ is to describe the classes of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-01 José F. De Jesús , Alexander Kelmans

A half-square of a bipartite graph $B=(X,Y,E_B)$ has one color class of $B$ as vertex set, say $X$; two vertices are adjacent whenever they have a common neighbor in $Y$. If $G=(V,E_G)$ is the half-square of a planar bipartite graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Hoang-Oanh Le , Van Bang Le

Regular and distance-regular characterizations of general graphs are well-known. In particular, the spectral excess theorem states that a connected graph G is distance-regular if and only if its spectral excess (a number that can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-27 A. Abiad , C. Dalfò , M. A. Fiol

This paper studies the properties of two kinds of matroids: (a) algebraic matroids and (b) finite and infinite matroids whose ground set have some canonical symmetry, for example row and column symmetry and transposition symmetry. For (a)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-16 Franz J. Király , Zvi Rosen , Louis Theran

Hibi showed that the polynomial in the numerator of the Ehrhart series of a reflexive polytope is palindromic. We proved that those in the numerator of the Ehrhart series of every graph polytope (defined later) of the bipartite graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-24 Daeseok Lee , Hyeong-Kwan Ju

In this paper, we extend the recently introduced concept of partially dual ribbon graphs to graphs. We then go on to characterize partial duality of graphs in terms of bijections between edge sets of corresponding graphs. This result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-01 Iain Moffatt

The Torelli theorem establishes that the Jacobian of a smooth projective curve, together with the polarization provided by the theta divisor, fully characterizes the curve. In the case of nodal curves, there exists a concept known as fine…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-05 Alex Abreu , Marco Pacini

A graph G is {\xi}-nearly planar if it can be embedded in the sphere so that each of its edges is crossed at most {\xi} times. The family of {\xi}-nearly planar graphs is widely extending the notion of planarity. We introduce an alternative…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-04 Alexander Grigoriev , Athanassios Koutsonas , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

The paper contains a proof of the conjecture of M. Klin and D. Maru$\breve{\rm s}$i$\breve{\rm c}$ that an automorphism group of a transitive graph contains a permutation, decomposed in cycles of the same length. The proof is based on the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aleksandr Golubchik

In this note, we prove a theorem covering Chartrand, Kaigars, and Lick's theorem in [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 32 (1972), 63-68]. As an application, we give a simpler proof of theorem proved by Mader [J. Graph Theory 65 (2010), 61-69. (Theorem…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Zhong Huang , Meng Ji

We show that all the tangles in a finite graph or matroid can be distinguished by a single tree-decomposition that is invariant under the automorphisms of the graph or matroid. This comes as a corollary of a similar decomposition theorem…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-19 Reinhard Diestel , Fabian Hundertmark , Sahar Lemanczyk

New criteria for which Cayley graphs of cyclic groups of any order can be completely determined--up to isomorphism--by the eigenvalues of their adjacency matrices is presented. Secondly, a new construction for pairs of nonisomorphic Cayley…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-14 Julia Brown

Given a proper edge coloring $\varphi$ of a graph $G$, we define the palette $S_{G}(v,\varphi)$ of a vertex $v \in V(G)$ as the set of all colors appearing on edges incident with $v$. The palette index $\check s(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 C. J. Casselgren , Petros A. Petrosyan

In this article we study higher homological properties of $n$-levelled algebras and connect them to properties of the underlying graphs. Notably, to each $2$-representation-finite quadratic monomial algebra $\Lambda$ we associate a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-04 Karin M. Jacobsen , Mads Hustad Sandøy , Laertis Vaso

We give a new proof of Vassiliev's planarity criterion for framed four-valent graphs (and more generally, *-graphs), which is based on Pontryagin-Kuratowski theorem.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-02 Igor Nikonov