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In recent advances in finite-time thermodynamics, optimization of entropy production required for finite-time information processing is an important issue. In this work, we consider finite-time feedback processes in classical discrete…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-03-18 Rihito Nagase , Takahiro Sagawa

We study the stochastic dynamics of Brownian particles in a heat bath and subject to an active feedback control by an external, Maxwell's demon-like agent. The agent uses the information of the velocity of a particle and reduces its thermal…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kyung Hyuk Kim , Hong Qian

Brownian information engines can extract work from thermal fluctuations by utilizing information. So far, the studies on Brownian information engines consider the system in a thermal bath; however, many processes in nature occur in a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-07-26 Govind Paneru , Sandipan Dutta , Hyuk Kyu Pak

The second law of thermodynamics is probabilistic in nature. Its formulation requires that the state of a system be described by a probability distribution. A natural question, thereby, arises as to whether a prior knowledge about the state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-04-11 P. S. Pal , A. M. Jayannavar

We introduce a family of Generalized Continuous Maxwell Demons (GCMDs) operating on idealized single-bit equilibrium devices that combine the single-measurement Szilard and the repeated measurements of the Continuous Maxwell Demon…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-22 Juan P. Garrahan , Felix Ritort

We study the physical mechanism of Maxwell's Demon (MD) helping to do extra work in thermodynamic cycles, by describing measurement of position, insertion of wall and information erasing of MD in a quantum mechanical fashion. The heat…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 H. Dong , D. Z. Xu , C. P. Sun

In Szilard's engine, a demon measures a one-particle gas and applies feedback to extract work from thermal fluctuations, embodying Maxwell's notion that information reduces thermodynamic entropy - an apparent second-law violation. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-08-26 Xiangjun Xing

A key tenet of the Transactional Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics is the idea that photon absorption localizes the absorbing material system. In doing so, it measures the location of the absorber and hence reduces information entropy,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Andreas Schlatter , R. E. Kastner

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that temporal evolution of an isolated system occurs with non-diminishing entropy. In quantum realm, this holds for energy-isolated systems the evolution of which is described by the so-called unital…

The interplay between information, dissipation, and control is reshaping our understanding of thermodynamics in feedback-regulated systems. We develop the informational Onsager-Machlup principle, a generalized variational framework that…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-30 Kento Yasuda , Kenta Ishimoto , Shigeyuki Komura

Mandal and Jarzynski have proposed a fully autonomous information heat engine, consisting of a demon, a mass and a memory register interacting with a thermal reservoir. This device converts thermal energy into mechanical work by writing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-24 Zhiyu Cao , Ruicheng Bao , Jiming Zheng , Zhonghuai Hou

The long-standing paradigm of Maxwell's demon is till nowadays a frequently investigated issue, which still provides interesting insights into basic physical questions. Considering a single-electron transistor, where we implement a Maxwell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-08 G. Engelhardt , G. Schaller

Recently Sagawa and Ueda [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 080403 (2008)] derived a bound on the work that can be extracted from a quantum system with the use of feedback control. They left open the question of whether this bound could be achieved for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-05 Kurt Jacobs

We describe a simple and solvable model of a device that -- like the "neat-fingered being" in Maxwell's famous thought experiment -- transfers energy from a cold system to a hot system by rectifying thermal fluctuations. In order to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-07-29 Dibyendu Mandal , H. T. Quan , Christopher Jarzynski

Emerging evidence suggests that physical systems operating as Maxwell demons, in which some subsystem of a larger system extracts heat energy from its environment in an apparent local violation of the second law, are commonplace throughout…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-04 Matthew P Leighton

An interesting preprint by Puru Gujrati, "Maxwell's Demon Must Remain Subservient to Clausius' Statement" [ of the Second Law of Thermodynamics ], traces the development and application of Maxwell's Demon. He argues against the Demon on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-01-11 William Graham Hoover , Carol Griswold Hoover

We present a microscopic Hamiltonian framework to develop Maxwell demon like engine. Our model consists of a equilibrium thermal bath and a non-equilibrium bath; latter generated by driving with an external stationary, Gaussian noise. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-12-13 Jyotipratim Ray Chaudhuri , Sudip Chattopadhyay , Suman Kumar Banik

We discuss a self-contained spin-boson model for a measurement-driven engine, in which a demon generates work from thermal excitations of a quantum spin via measurement and feedback control. Instead of granting it full direct access to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-11 Stella Seah , Stefan Nimmrichter , Valerio Scarani

Landauer's principle, often regarded as the foundation of the thermodynamics of information processing, holds that any logically irreversible manipulation of information, such as the erasure of a bit or the merging of two computation paths,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2011-01-11 Charles H. Bennett

We theoretically study the entropy production and the work extracted from a system connected to two reservoirs by periodic modulations of the electrochemical potentials of the reservoirs and the parameter of a system Hamiltonian under…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-07-18 Ryosuke Yoshii , Hisao Hayakawa