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It is known that the dual of the general adversary bound can be used to build quantum query algorithms with optimal complexity. Despite this result, not many quantum algorithms have been designed this way. This paper shows another example…
We define a variation on the well-known problem of private message transmission. This new problem called private randomness agreement (PRA) gives two participants access to a public, authenticated channel alongside the main channels, and…
We study the \emph{{interval completion}} problem, which asks for the insertion of a set of at most $k$ edges to make a graph of $n$ vertices into an interval graph. We focus on chordal graphs with no small obstructions, where every…
We study a new optimal stopping problem: Let $G$ be a fixed graph with $n$ vertices which become active on-line in time, one by another, in a random order. The active part of $G$ is the subgraph induced by the active vertices. Find a…
An average-case variant of the $k$-SUM conjecture asserts that finding $k$ numbers that sum to 0 in a list of $r$ random numbers, each of the order $r^k$, cannot be done in much less than $r^{\lceil k/2 \rceil}$ time. On the other hand, in…
The goal of this paper is to understand the complexity of symmetry breaking problems, specifically maximal independent set (MIS) and the closely related $\beta$-ruling set problem, in two computational models suited for large-scale graph…
Blockchain technology enables stakeholders to conduct trusted data sharing and exchange without a trusted centralized institution. These features make blockchain applications attractive to enhance trustworthiness in very different contexts.…
While well-known methods to list the intersections of either a list of segments or a complex polygon aim at achieving optimal time-complexity they often do so at the cost of memory comsumption and complex code. Real-life software…
The primary focus of this paper is on designing an inexact first-order algorithm for solving constrained nonlinear optimization problems. By controlling the inexactness of the subproblem solution, we can significantly reduce the…
Coordinating the motion of multiple agents in constrained environments is a fundamental challenge in robotics, motion planning, and scheduling. A motivating example involves $n$ robotic arms, each represented as a line segment. The…
Given a graph $G = (V, E)$ and an integer $k$, the Minimum Membership Dominating Set problem asks to compute a set $S \subseteq V$ such that for each $v \in V$, $1 \leq |N[v] \cap S| \leq k$. The problem is known to be NP-complete even on…
We give an algorithm that decides whether the bipartite crossing number of a given graph is at most $k$. The running time of the algorithm is upper bounded by $2^{O(k)} + n^{O(1)}$, where $n$ is the number of vertices of the input graph,…
We consider a simple (probably, the simplest) structure for random access memory. This structure can be used to construct a universal system with nearly void processor, namely, we demonstrate that the processor of such a system may have…
A $k$-configuration is a collection of $k$ distinct integers $x_1,\ldots,x_k$ together with their pairwise arithmetic means $\frac{x_i+x_j}{2}$ for $1 \leq i < j \leq k$. Building on recent work of Filmus, Hatami, Hosseini and Kelman on…
Motivated by applications in blockchains and sensor networks, we consider a model of $n$ nodes trying to reach consensus on their majority bit. Each node $i$ is assigned a bit at time zero, and is a finite automaton with $m$ bits of memory…
Suppose we are given integer $k \leq n$ and $n$ boxes labeled $1,\ldots, n$ by an adversary, each containing a number chosen from an unknown distribution. We have to choose an order to sequentially open these boxes, and each time we open…
The structure of satisfiability problems is used to improve search algorithms for quantum computers and reduce their required coherence times by using only a single coherent evaluation of problem properties. The structure of random k-SAT…
Here we study the NP-complete $K$-SAT problem. Although the worst-case complexity of NP-complete problems is conjectured to be exponential, there exist parametrized random ensembles of problems where solutions can typically be found in…
Algorithms to solve fault-tolerant consensus in asynchronous systems often rely on primitives such as crusader agreement, adopt-commit, and graded broadcast, which provide weaker agreement properties than consensus. Although these…
Consensus and leader election are fundamental problems in distributed systems. Consensus is the problem in which all processes in a distributed computation must agree on some value. Average consensus is a popular form of consensus, where…