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Generative AI models, specifically large language models (LLMs), have made strides towards the long-standing goal of text-to-code generation. This progress has invited numerous studies of user interaction. However, less is known about the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Sydney Nguyen , Hannah McLean Babe , Yangtian Zi , Arjun Guha , Carolyn Jane Anderson , Molly Q Feldman

As the world of technology advances, so do the tools that software developers use to create new programs. In recent years, software development tools have become more popular, allowing developers to work more efficiently and produce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Larissa Salerno , Christoph Treude , Patanamon Thongtatunam

A key part of learning to program is learning to understand programming error messages. They can be hard to interpret and identifying the cause of errors can be time-consuming. One factor in this challenge is that the messages are typically…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Juho Leinonen , Arto Hellas , Sami Sarsa , Brent Reeves , Paul Denny , James Prather , Brett A. Becker

The design of effective programming languages, libraries, frameworks, tools, and platforms for data engineering strongly depends on their ease and correctness of use. Anyone who ignores that it is humans who use these tools risks building…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Max Neuwinger , Dirk Riehle

Novice programmers face numerous barriers while attempting to learn how to code that may deter them from pursuing a computer science degree or career in software development. In this work, we propose a tool concept to address the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Austin Z. Henley , Julian Ball , Benjamin Klein , Aiden Rutter , Dylan Lee

Novice programmers often struggle with problem solving due to the high cognitive loads they face. Furthermore, many introductory programming courses do not explicitly teach it, assuming that problem solving skills are acquired along the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Oka Kurniawan , Cyrille Jégourel , Norman Tiong Seng Lee , Matthieu De Mari , Christopher M. Poskitt

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GitHub Copilot and ChatGPT have become popular among programming students. Students use LLMs to assist them in programming courses, including generating source code. Previous work has evaluated the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Emir Catir , Robin Claesson , Rodothea Myrsini Tsoupidi

The integration of AI tools into programming education has become increasingly prevalent in recent years, transforming the way programming is taught and learned. This paper provides a review of the state-of-the-art AI tools available for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nikolaos Avouris , Kyriakos Sgarbas , George Caridakis , Christos Sintoris

Today's software engineering (SE) complexities require a more diverse tool set going beyond technical expertise to be able to successfully tackle all challenges. Previous studies have indicated that creativity is a prime indicator for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Wouter Groeneveld

Understanding program code is a complicated endeavor. As such, myriad different factors can influence the outcome. Investigations of program comprehension, and in particular those using controlled experiments, have to take these factors…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Dror G. Feitelson

For a novice programmer, coding is equivalent to a nightmare. A novice programmer tries to replicate steps provided by the faculty and on compilation gets a number of errors which the novice programmer is not able to resolve. This system…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-10-07 Aniket Bhawkar , Rohit Belsare , Fenil Gandhi , Pratiksha Somani

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) focus on manifold subjects, ranging from social sciences over languages to technical skills, and use different means to train the respective skills. MOOCs that are teaching programming skills aim to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-09-24 Ralf Teusner , Thomas Hille , Christiane Hagedorn

AI-supported tools can help learners overcome challenges in programming education by providing adaptive assistance. However, existing research often focuses on individual tools rather than deriving broader design recommendations. A key…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zihan Wu , Yicheng Tang , Barbara Ericson

The primary aim of this paper is to suggest questions for future discourse and research of specialized programming courses in the Humanities. Specifically I ask whether specialized courses promote the production of fragile programming…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Ofer Elior

Early detection of struggling student programmers is crucial for providing them with personalized support. While multiple AI-based approaches have been proposed for this problem, they do not explicitly reason about students' programming…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Noga Schwartz , Roy Fairstein , Avi Segal , Kobi Gal

Understanding student difficulties in programming is a complex challenge due to the wide range of topics and the abundant varieties of misconceptions and errors. This paper presents the design and development of a fine-grained taxonomy that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Dimitri Eckert , Christian Kautz

Lowering the barriers to computer programming requires understanding how to scaffold learning. Parsons problems, which require learners to drag-and-drop blocks of code into the correct order and indentation, are proving to be beneficial for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Carl Christopher Haynes-Magyar

Successful programs are written to be maintained. One aspect to this is that programmers order the components in the code files in a particular way. This is part of programming style. While the conventions for ordering are sometimes given…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-07-24 Steven P. Reiss , Qi Xin

Reading code is an essential activity in software maintenance and evolution. Several studies with human subjects have investigated how different factors, such as the employed programming constructs and naming conventions, can impact code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Delano Oliveira , Reydne Bruno , Fernanda Madeiral , Fernando Castor

Computer programming is undergoing a true transformation driven by powerful new tools for automatic source code generation based on large language models. This transformation is also manifesting in introductory programming courses at…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Clemente Rubio-Manzano , Jazna Meza , Rodolfo Fernandez-Santibanez , Christian Vidal-Castro