Related papers: Equilibrium distribution
Evolutionary game theory has been successfully used to investigate the dynamics of systems, in which many entities have competitive interactions. From a physics point of view, it is interesting to study conditions under which a coordination…
The behavior of a distributed charge in a Coulomb potential well is considered. It is shown that elements of a distributed charge can move along different trajectories, thus forming actually motion of a charge wave. Propagation over…
We discovered that when a pair of small particles is optically levitated, the particles execute a dance whose motion resembles the orbits of balls being juggled. This motion lies in a plane perpendicular to the polarization of the incident…
We study the convergence towards the equilibrium for a dissipative and stochastic time-dependent oval billiard. The dynamics of the system is described by using a generic four dimensional nonlinear map for the variables: the angular…
We report on quasi-two-dimensional granular systems in which either one or two large balls is fluidized by an upflow of air in the presence of a background of several hundred smaller beads. A single large ball is observed to propel…
A nonrelativistic particle released from rest at the edge of a ball of uniform charge density or mass density oscillates with simple harmonic motion. We consider the relativistic generalizations of these situations where the particle can…
We study the force between two circular electrodes in different configurations. A formula analogous to Kelvin's formula for the spheres is given in the case of equal disks held at the same potential and when one plate is earthed. An…
We study the statics and dynamics of a stable, mobile, three-dimensional matter-wave spherical quantum ball created in the presence of an attractive two-body and a very small repulsive three-body interaction. The quantum ball can propagate…
This paper gives a concise but rigorous mathematical description of a material control volume that is separated into two parts by a singular surface at which physical states are discontinuous. The geometrical background material is…
An infinite number of elastically colliding balls is considered in a classical, and then in a relativistic setting. Energy and momentum are not necessarily conserved globally, even though each collision does separately conserve them. This…
We present a new theory of atom-atom dispersion interaction in the presence of electromagnetic fields. The theory takes into account the absorption and emission of virtual photons leading to the resonance contributions to the interaction…
As is known the repulsion of the volume elements of an uniformly accelerating charge or a charge supported in an uniform gravitational field accounts for the electromagnetic contribution to the charge's inertial and gravitational mass,…
In equilibrium systems with short-ranged interactions, the relative stability of different thermodynamic states generally does not depend on system size (as long as this size is larger than the interaction range). Here, we use a large…
Physical interactions between particles are the result of the exchange of gauge bosons. Human interactions are mediated by the exchange of messages, goods, money, promises, hostilities, etc. While in the physical world interactions and…
When two isolated system are brought in contact, they relax to equilibrium via energy exchange. In another setting, when one of the systems is driven and the other is large, the first system reaches a steady-state which is not described by…
We characterize a transition from normal to ballistic diffusion in a bouncing ball dynamics. The system is composed of a particle, or an ensemble of non-interacting particles, experiencing elastic collisions with a heavy and periodically…
The mechanisms of electrostatic interactions between two charged dielectric spheres inside a polarizable medium have been investigated, in terms of hypothetical effective dipoles that depict how the positive and negative charge in each…
A gas of atoms some of which are in excited electronic state is under consideration. Since the lifetime of an excited state is to great extent larger than the time required for establishing the equilibrium over translational degrees of…
We extend the problem of $(1+1)$ circular dilaton gravity to include charged particles. We examine the two (charged) particle case in detail and find an exact equilibrium solution. We then extend this to $N-$particles and obtain a solution…
The interaction of multiple bubbles is a complex physical problem. A simplified case of multiple bubbles is studied theoretically with a bubble located at the center of a circular bubble cluster. All bubbles in the cluster are equally…