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Bell inequalities bound the strength of classical correlations between observers measuring on a shared physical system. However, studies of physical correlations can be considered beyond the standard Bell scenario by networks of observers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-29 Armin Tavakoli

The problem of characterizing classical and quantum correlations in networks is considered. Contrary to the usual Bell scenario, where distant observers share a physical system emitted by one common source, a network features several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Armin Tavakoli , Marc-Olivier Renou , Nicolas Gisin , Nicolas Brunner

The correlations in quantum networks have attracted strong interest with new types of violations of the locality. The standard Bell inequalities cannot characterize the multipartite correlations that are generated by multiple sources. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-19 Ming-Xing Luo

Quantum nonlocality in networks featuring multiple independent sources underpins large-scale quantum communication and poses fundamental challenges for its characterization. In this work, we construct a family of explicit nonlinear Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Yao Xiao , Fenzhuo Guo , Haifeng Dong , Fei Gao

In recent years, the study of Bell nonlocality has been generalized to quantum networks, where multiple independent sources distribute physical systems to distant parties who perform local measurements. In this context, a central open…

Bell nonlocality refers to correlations between two distant, entangled particles that challenge classical notions of local causality. Beyond its foundational significance, nonlocality is crucial for device-independent technologies like…

Quantum correlations arising in Bell experiments, involving a physical source that emits a quantum state to a number of observers, have been intensively studied over the last decades. Much less is known about the nature of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-01 Armin Tavakoli

We introduce Bell inequalities based on covariance, one of the most common measures of correlation. Explicit examples are discussed, and violations in quantum theory are demonstrated. A crucial feature of these covariance Bell inequalities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-27 Victor Pozsgay , Flavien Hirsch , Cyril Branciard , Nicolas Brunner

In practical quantum networks, a variety of multi-qubit stabilized states emitted from independent sources are distributed among the agents, and the correlations across the entire network can be derived from each agent's local measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-28 Li-Yi Hsu , Ching-Hsu Chen

Contrary to Bell scenario, quantum nonlocality can be exploited even when all the parties do not have freedom to select inputs randomly. Such manifestation of nonlocality is possible in networks involving independent sources. One can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-20 Kaushiki Mukherjee , Biswajit Paul , Arup Roy

The network structure offers in principle the possibility for novel forms of quantum nonlocal correlations, that are proper to networks and cannot be traced back to standard quantum Bell nonlocality. Here we define a notion of genuine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-24 Ivan Šupić , Jean-Daniel Bancal , Yu Cai , Nicolas Brunner

Non-locality stands nowadays not only as one of the cornerstones of quantum theory, but also plays a crucial role in quantum information processing. Several experimental investigations of nonlocality have been carried out over the years. In…

Bell inequalities have traditionally been used to demonstrate that quantum theory is nonlocal, in the sense that there exist correlations generated from composite quantum states that cannot be explained by means of local hidden variables.…

Correlations in quantum networks with independent sources exhibit a completely novel form of nonclassicality in the sense that the nonlocality of such correlations can be demonstrated in fixed local input scenarios. Before the pioneering…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-16 Kaushiki Mukherjee

Determining whether an observed distribution of events generated in a quantum network is Bell local, i.e., if it admits an alternative realization in terms of independent local variables, is extremely challenging. Building upon…

Bell's theorem proves that quantum theory is inconsistent with local physical models. It has propelled research in the foundations of quantum theory and quantum information science. As a fundamental feature of quantum theory, it impacts…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Armin Tavakoli , Alejandro Pozas-Kerstjens , Ming-Xing Luo , Marc-Olivier Renou

Nonlocal correlations created in networks with multiple independent sources enable surprising phenomena in quantum information and quantum foundations. The presence of independent sources, however, makes the analysis of network nonlocality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 José Mário da Silva , Alejandro Pozas-Kerstjens , Fernando Parisio

Quantum mechanics admits correlations that cannot be explained by local realistic models. Those most studied are the standard local hidden variable models, which satisfy the well-known Bell inequalities. To date, most works have focused on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-01 Dylan J. Saunders , Adam J. Bennet , Cyril Branciard , Geoff J. Pryde

It is a well-known fact that measurement incompatibility is a necessary resource to generate nonlocal correlations in usual Bell scenario that typically involves single quantum source. We can provide with some contrasting findings if we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Kaushiki Mukherjee , Biswajit Paul

Networks have advanced the study of nonlocality beyond Bell's theorem. Here, we introduce the concept of full network nonlocality, which describes correlations that necessitate all links in a network to distribute nonlocal resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-28 Alejandro Pozas-Kerstjens , Nicolas Gisin , Armin Tavakoli
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