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A test particle orbit around an eccentric binary has two stationary states in which there is no nodal precession: coplanar and polar. Nodal precession of a misaligned test particle orbit centres on one of these stationary states. A low mass…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-26 Charles P. Abod , Cheng Chen , Jeremy Smallwood , Ian Rabago , Rebecca G. Martin , Stephen H. Lubow

About $20\%$ of exoplanets discovered by radial velocity surveys reside in stellar binaries. To clarify their origin one has to understand the dynamics of planetesimals in protoplanetary disks within binaries. The standard description,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Roman R. Rafikov , Kedron Silsbee

The long-term habitability of Earth-like planets requires low orbital eccentricities. A secular perturbation from a distant stellar companion is a very important mechanism in exciting planetary eccentricities, as many of the extrasolar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Ryosuke Kita , Frederic A. Rasio , Genya Takeda

We study the final architecture of planetary systems that evolve under the combined effects of planet-planet and planetesimal scattering. Using N-body simulations we investigate the dynamics of marginally unstable systems of gas and ice…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-22 Sean N. Raymond , Philip J. Armitage , Noel Gorelick

Circumbinary planets (CBPs) provide a unique window into planet formation and dynamical evolution in complex gravitational environments. Their orbits are shaped not only by the protoplanetary disk but also by the perturbations from two…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-15 Liz Holzknecht , Smadar Naoz , Cheyanne Shariat

The exotic range of known planetary systems has provoked an equally exotic range of physical explanations for their diverse architectures. However, constraining formation processes requires mapping the observed exoplanet population to that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-10 Andrew J. Winter , Richard Alexander

The recent discovery of a planet in an orbit with eccentricity $e = 0.63 \pm 0.08$ around the Solar-type star 16 Cyg B, together with earlier discoveries of other planets in orbits of significant eccentricity, raises the question of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 J. I. Katz

The recent discovery of planets orbiting main sequence binaries will provide crucial constraints for theories of binary and planet formation. The formation pathway for these planets is complicated by uncertainties in the formation mechanism…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Kaitlin M. Kratter , Andrew Shannon

Many extrasolar planets follow orbits that differ from the nearly coplanar and circular orbits found in our solar system; orbits may be eccentric or inclined with respect to the host star's equator, and the population of giant planets…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-01 Eric L. N. Jensen , Rachel Akeson

We investigated the underlying architecture of planetary systems by deriving the distribution of planet multiplicity (number of planets) and the distribution of orbital inclinations based on the sample of planet candidates discovered by the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Julia Fang , Jean-Luc Margot

Transiting planets in multiple-star systems, especially high-order multiples, make up a small fraction of the known planet population but provide unique opportunities to study the environments in which planets would have formed.…

The Kepler-36 system consists of two planets that are spaced unusually close together, near the 7:6 mean motion resonance. While it is known that mean motion resonances can easily form by convergent migration, Kepler-36 is an extreme case…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Sijme-Jan Paardekooper , Hanno Rein , Willy Kley

Solar system planets move on almost circular orbits. In strong contrast, many massive gas giant exoplanets travel on highly elliptical orbits, whereas the shape of the orbits of smaller, more terrestrial, exoplanets remained largely…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Vincent Van Eylen , Simon Albrecht

We study the orbital architecture, physical characteristics of planets, formation and long-term evolution of the Kepler-30 planetary system, detected and announced in 2012 by the KEPLER team. We show that the Kepler-30 system belongs to a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-02 Federico Panichi , Krzysztof Goździewski , Cezary Migaszewski , Ewa Szuszkiewicz

Characterizing the dependence of the orbital architectures and formation environments on the eccentricity distribution of planets is vital for understanding planet formation. In this work, we perform statistical eccentricity studies of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-14 Sean M. Mills , Andrew W. Howard , Erik A. Petigura , Benjamin J. Fulton , Howard Isaacson , Lauren M. Weiss

Short-period super-Earths and mini-Neptunes encircle more than $\sim50\%$ of Sun-like stars and are relatively amenable to direct observational characterization. Despite this, environments in which these planets accrete are difficult to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-04 Max Goldberg , Konstantin Batygin

The discovery of planetary systems outside of the solar system has challenged some of the tenets of planetary formation. Among the difficult-to-explain observations, are systems with a giant planet orbiting a very-low mass star, such as the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-11 Yi-Han Wang , Rosalba Perna , Nathan W. C. Leigh

Understanding the formation and dynamical evolution of habitable planets in extrasolar planetary systems is a challenging task. In this respect, systems with multiple giant planets and/or multiple stars present special complications. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Nader Haghighipour

Planets are observed to orbit the component star(s) of stellar binary systems on so-called circumprimary or circumsecondary orbits, as well as around the entire binary system on so-called circumbinary orbits. Depending on the orbital…

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