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We describe and evaluate different approaches to the conversion of gold standard corpus data from Stanford Typed Dependencies (SD) and Penn-style constituent trees to the latest English Universal Dependencies representation (UD 2.2). Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Siyao Peng , Amir Zeldes

The interpretability of neural networks (NNs) is a challenging but essential topic for transparency in the decision-making process using machine learning. One of the reasons for the lack of interpretability is random weight initialization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Shohei Kubota , Hideaki Hayashi , Tomohiro Hayase , Seiichi Uchida

Recursive neural networks (RvNN) have been shown useful for learning sentence representations and helped achieve competitive performance on several natural language inference tasks. However, recent RvNN-based models fail to learn simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Atul Sahay , Ayush Maheshwari , Ritesh Kumar , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal , Kavi Arya

Deep neural networks are typically trained under a supervised learning framework where a model learns a single task using labeled data. Instead of relying solely on labeled data, practitioners can harness unlabeled or related data to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Huanru Henry Mao

Different from other sequential data, sentences in natural language are structured by linguistic grammars. Previous generative conversational models with chain-structured decoder ignore this structure in human language and might generate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-04 Ganbin Zhou , Ping Luo , Rongyu Cao , Yijun Xiao , Fen Lin , Bo Chen , Qing He

Learning concepts that are consistent with human perception is important for Deep Neural Networks to win end-user trust. Post-hoc interpretation methods lack transparency in the feature representations learned by the models. This work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Sandareka Wickramanayake , Wynne Hsu , Mong Li Lee

Injecting structure into neural networks enables learning functions that satisfy invariances with respect to subsets of inputs. For instance, when learning generative models using neural networks, it is advantageous to encode the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Asic Q. Chen , Ruian Shi , Xiang Gao , Ricardo Baptista , Rahul G. Krishnan

We first present a minimal feature set for transition-based dependency parsing, continuing a recent trend started by Kiperwasser and Goldberg (2016a) and Cross and Huang (2016a) of using bi-directional LSTM features. We plug our minimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Tianze Shi , Liang Huang , Lillian Lee

For natural language processing systems, two kinds of evidence support the use of text representations from neural language models "pretrained" on large unannotated corpora: performance on application-inspired benchmarks (Peters et al.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Zhaofeng Wu , Hao Peng , Noah A. Smith

Transfer learning is a machine learning technique that uses previously acquired knowledge from a source domain to enhance learning in a target domain by reusing learned weights. This technique is ubiquitous because of its great advantages…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Nermeen Abou Baker , Nico Zengeler , Uwe Handmann

We use reinforcement learning to learn tree-structured neural networks for computing representations of natural language sentences. In contrast with prior work on tree-structured models in which the trees are either provided as input or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Dani Yogatama , Phil Blunsom , Chris Dyer , Edward Grefenstette , Wang Ling

In this work, we address the problem to model all the nodes (words or phrases) in a dependency tree with the dense representations. We propose a recursive convolutional neural network (RCNN) architecture to capture syntactic and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-05-22 Chenxi Zhu , Xipeng Qiu , Xinchi Chen , Xuanjing Huang

The addition of syntax-aware decoding in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems requires an effective tree-structured neural network, a syntax-aware attention model and a language generation model that is sensitive to sentence structure.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Jetic Gū , Hassan S. Shavarani , Anoop Sarkar

Images of scenes have various objects as well as abundant attributes, and diverse levels of visual categorization are possible. A natural image could be assigned with fine-grained labels that describe major components, coarse-grained labels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-25 Hexiang Hu , Guang-Tong Zhou , Zhiwei Deng , Zicheng Liao , Greg Mori

Transition-based and graph-based dependency parsers have previously been shown to have complementary strengths and weaknesses: transition-based parsers exploit rich structural features but suffer from error propagation, while graph-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Artur Kulmizev , Miryam de Lhoneux , Johannes Gontrum , Elena Fano , Joakim Nivre

Transfer learning enables solving a specific task having limited data by using the pre-trained deep networks trained on large-scale datasets. Typically, while transferring the learned knowledge from source task to the target task, the last…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-04 S. H. Shabbeer Basha , Sravan Kumar Vinakota , Viswanath Pulabaigari , Snehasis Mukherjee , Shiv Ram Dubey

We study the problem of using (partial) constituency parse trees as syntactic guidance for controlled text generation. Existing approaches to this problem use recurrent structures, which not only suffer from the long-term dependency problem…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yinghao Li , Rui Feng , Isaac Rehg , Chao Zhang

Federated learning is a decentralized approach for training models on distributed devices, by summarizing local changes and sending aggregate parameters from local models to the cloud rather than the data itself. In this research we employ…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Joel Stremmel , Arjun Singh

Lifted Relational Neural Networks (LRNNs) describe relational domains using weighted first-order rules which act as templates for constructing feed-forward neural networks. While previous work has shown that using LRNNs can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-09 Gustav Sourek , Martin Svatos , Filip Zelezny , Steven Schockaert , Ondrej Kuzelka

We propose a new method for projective dependency parsing based on headed spans. In a projective dependency tree, the largest subtree rooted at each word covers a contiguous sequence (i.e., a span) in the surface order. We call such a span…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Songlin Yang , Kewei Tu