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Related papers: Jumping Neptune Can Explain the Kuiper Belt Kernel

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Recent analyses of the orbits of some Kuiper Belt objects hypothesize the presence of an undiscovered Neptune-size planet at a very large separation from the Sun. The energy budget of Neptunes on such distant orbits is dominated by the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-04 Sivan Ginzburg , Re'em Sari , Abraham Loeb

We present the results of detailed dynamical simulations of the effect of the migration of the four giant planets on both the transport of pre-formed Neptune Trojans, and the capture of new Trojans from a trans-Neptunian disk. We find that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 P. S. Lykawka , J. Horner , B. W. Jones , T. Mukai

We present a novel python-based 1D sub-Neptune evolution model that emphasizes the thermal evolution and potential solidification of the rock/iron core and the structure of the radiative atmosphere. This model explores planetary structure…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-25 Yao Tang , Jonathan J. Fortney , Francis Nimmo , Daniel Thorngren , Kazumasa Ohno , Ruth Murray-Clay

Resonant populations of trans-Neptunian objects serve as crucial dynamical archives for unraveling the early migratory history of the Solar System. A quantitative assessment of the capture efficiency into various mean motion resonances…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Hailiang Li , Li-Yong Zhou , Xiaoping Zhang

Transit surveys indicate that there is a deficit of Neptune-sized planets on close-in orbits. If this ``Neptune desert' is entirely cleared out by atmospheric mass loss, then planets at its upper edge should only be marginally stable…

The demographics of Kepler planets provide a key testbed for models of planet formation and evolution, particularly for explaining the radius valley separating super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. A primordial interpretation based on differences…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-13 Aritra Chakrabarty , Gijs D. Mulders , Artyom Aguichine , Natalie Batalha

We numerically integrated the orbits of 1458 particles in the region of the classical Kuiper Belt (41 AU < a < 47 AU) to explore the role of dynamical instabilities in sculpting the inclination distribution of the classical Kuiper Belt…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Marc J. Kuchner , Michael E. Brown , Matthew Holman

Using the absolute detection calibration and abundant detections of the OSSOS (Outer Solar System Origin Survey) project, we provide population measurements for the main Kuiper Belt. For absolute magnitude $H_r<8.3$, there are 30,000…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-06 Jean-Marc Petit , Brett Gladman , J. J. Kavelaars , Michele T. Bannister , Mike Alexandersen , Kathryn Volk , Ying-Tung Chen

We present spatially resolved millimeter maps of Neptune between 95 and 242 GHz taken with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in $2016-2017$. The millimeter weighting functions peak between 1 and 10 bar on Neptune,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-17 Joshua Tollefson , Imke de Pater , Statia Luszcz-Cook , David DeBoer

The Centaurs are recent escapees from the Kuiper belt that are destined either to meet fiery oblivion in the hot inner regions of the Solar system or to be ejected to the interstellar medium by gravitational scattering from the giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 David Jewitt

Recent occurrence-rate analyses have shown that the transition between the Neptunian desert and the savanna is not smooth but instead exhibits an overdensity of planets at $P_{\rm orb}\simeq3$-$6$ d, known as the Neptunian ridge. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-27 A. Castro-González , V. Bourrier , D. Ehrenreich , D. J. Armstrong , A. C. M. Correia , M. Lendl

The Kepler mission reveals a peculiar trough-peak feature in the orbital spacing of close-in planets near mean-motion resonances: a deficit and an excess that are a couple percent to the narrow, respectively wide, of the resonances. This…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-16 Yanqin Wu , Renu Malhotra , Yoram Lithwick

The asymmetric resonance configuration characterized by the critical angle librating around centres other than 0 or 180 degree, is found in the 1:N mean motion resonance. The asymmetric 1:2 resonance with Neptune is of particular interest…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-13 Hailiang Li , Li-Yong Zhou

Many asteroids in the main and trans-Neptunian belts are trapped in mean motion resonances with Jupiter and Neptune, respectively. As a side effect, they experience accidental commensurabilities among themselves. These commensurabilities…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-16 C. de la Fuente Marcos , R. de la Fuente Marcos

The hot Neptune orbiting around GJ 436 is a unique example of an intermediate mass planet. Its close-in orbit suggests that the planet has undergone migration and its study is fundamental to understanding planet formation and evolution. As…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-02 P. Figueira , F. Pont , C. Mordasini , Y. Alibert , C. Georgy , W. Benz

The outer giant planets, Uranus and Neptune, pose a challenge to theories of planet formation. They exist in a region of the Solar System where long dynamical timescales and a low primordial density of material would have conspired to make…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Edward W. Thommes , Martin J. Duncan , Harold F. Levison

The Kepler Mission has found thousands of planetary candidates with radii between 1 and 4 R$_\oplus$. These planets have no analogues in our own Solar System, providing an unprecedented opportunity to understand the range and distribution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-25 Angie Wolfgang , Eric Lopez

We study the Kozai dynamics affecting the orbital evolution of transneptunian objects being captured or not in MMR with Neptune. We provide energy level maps of the type ({\omega},q) describing the possible orbital paths from Neptune up to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Tabare Gallardo , Gaston Hugo , Pablo Pais

We demonstrate that the observed distribution of `Hot Neptune'/`Super-Earth' systems is well reproduced by a model in which planet assembly occurs in situ, with no significant migration post-assembly. This is achieved only if the amount of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Brad M. S. Hansen , Norm Murray