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Many common sequential data sources, such as source code and natural language, have a natural tree-structured representation. These trees can be generated by fitting a sequence to a grammar, yielding a hierarchical ordering of the tokens in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Jacob Harer , Chris Reale , Peter Chin

While recurrent neural networks have found success in a variety of natural language processing applications, they are general models of sequential data. We investigate how the properties of natural language data affect an LSTM's ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Nelson F. Liu , Omer Levy , Roy Schwartz , Chenhao Tan , Noah A. Smith

When trained on language data, do transformers learn some arbitrary computation that utilizes the full capacity of the architecture or do they learn a simpler, tree-like computation, hypothesized to underlie compositional meaning systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Shikhar Murty , Pratyusha Sharma , Jacob Andreas , Christopher D. Manning

A recent line of work in NLP focuses on the (dis)ability of models to generalise compositionally for artificial languages. However, when considering natural language tasks, the data involved is not strictly, or locally, compositional.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Verna Dankers , Ivan Titov

In the domain of sequence modelling, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) have been capable of achieving impressive results in a variety of application areas including visual question answering, part-of-speech tagging and machine translation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Tharindu Fernando , Simon Denman , Aaron McFadyen , Sridha Sridharan , Clinton Fookes

Modeling the sequential information of image sequences has been a vital step of various vision tasks and convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) has demonstrated its superb performance in such spatiotemporal problems. Nevertheless,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Bin Kong , Xin Wang , Junjie Bai , Yi Lu , Feng Gao , Kunlin Cao , Qi Song , Shaoting Zhang , Siwei Lyu , Youbing Yin

Attention networks have proven to be an effective approach for embedding categorical inference within a deep neural network. However, for many tasks we may want to model richer structural dependencies without abandoning end-to-end training.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Yoon Kim , Carl Denton , Luong Hoang , Alexander M. Rush

While long short-term memory (LSTM) neural net architectures are designed to capture sequence information, human language is generally composed of hierarchical structures. This raises the question as to whether LSTMs can learn hierarchical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Luzi Sennhauser , Robert C. Berwick

Natural language is hierarchically structured: smaller units (e.g., phrases) are nested within larger units (e.g., clauses). When a larger constituent ends, all of the smaller constituents that are nested within it must also be closed.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Yikang Shen , Shawn Tan , Alessandro Sordoni , Aaron Courville

We propose a method to create document representations that reflect their internal structure. We modify Tree-LSTMs to hierarchically merge basic elements such as words and sentences into blocks of increasing complexity. Our Structure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Khalil Mrini , Claudiu Musat , Michael Baeriswyl , Martin Jaggi

Recent latent tree learning models can learn constituency parsing without any exposure to human-annotated tree structures. One such model is ON-LSTM (Shen et al., 2019), which is trained on language modelling and has near-state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yian Zhang

We introduce a new dataset of logical entailments for the purpose of measuring models' ability to capture and exploit the structure of logical expressions against an entailment prediction task. We use this task to compare a series of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-26 Richard Evans , David Saxton , David Amos , Pushmeet Kohli , Edward Grefenstette

Sequence-based neural networks show significant sensitivity to syntactic structure, but they still perform less well on syntactic tasks than tree-based networks. Such tree-based networks can be provided with a constituency parse, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Michael A. Lepori , Tal Linzen , R. Thomas McCoy

In Natural Language Processing (NLP), we often need to extract information from tree topology. Sentence structure can be represented via a dependency tree or a constituency tree structure. For this reason, a variant of LSTMs, named…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Mahtab Ahmed , Muhammad Rifayat Samee , Robert E. Mercer

Incorporating hierarchical structures like constituency trees has been shown to be effective for various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, it is evident that state-of-the-art (SOTA) sequence-based models like the Transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Shafiq Joty , Steven C. H. Hoi , Richard Socher

Identifying implicit discourse relations between text spans is a challenging task because it requires understanding the meaning of the text. To tackle this task, recent studies have tried several deep learning methods but few of them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Yizhong Wang , Sujian Li , Jingfeng Yang , Xu Sun , Houfeng Wang

Learning representation for source code is a foundation of many program analysis tasks. In recent years, neural networks have already shown success in this area, but most existing models did not make full use of the unique structural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Wenhan Wang , Ge Li , Sijie Shen , Xin Xia , Zhi Jin

The paper surveys recent extensions of the Long-Short Term Memory networks to handle tree structures from the perspective of learning non-trivial forms of isomorph structured transductions. It provides a discussion of modern TreeLSTM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Davide Bacciu , Antonio Bruno

Deep Learning models enjoy considerable success in Natural Language Processing. While deep architectures produce useful representations that lead to improvements in various tasks, they are often difficult to interpret. This makes the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-04-29 Christian Scheible , Hinrich Schuetze

Learning vector representations for programs is a critical step in applying deep learning techniques for program understanding tasks. Various neural network models are proposed to learn from tree-structured program representations, e.g.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Wenhan Wang , Kechi Zhang , Ge Li , Shangqing Liu , Anran Li , Zhi Jin , Yang Liu