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To explain black hole thermodynamics in quantum gravity, one must introduce constraints to ensure that a black hole is actually present. I show that for a large class of black holes, such ``horizon constraints'' allow the use of conformal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-28 S. Carlip

The quantum gravity vacuum must contain virtual fluctuations of black hole microstates. These extended-size fluctuations get `crushed' when a closed trapped surface forms, and turn into on-shell `fuzzball' states that resolve the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-26 Samir D. Mathur

It is generally believed that the eternal AdS black hole is dual to two conformal field theories with compact spatial sections that are together in a thermofield double state. We argue that this proposal is incorrect, and by extension so…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-12-13 Steven G. Avery , Borun D. Chowdhury

The thermofield double state entangles two copies of a CFT via a sum over energy eigenstates and is dual to the two-sided eternal black hole. We explore an analogous construction using sums over gauge group representations of half-BPS…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-13 Panos Betzios , Ji Hoon Lee , Olga Papadoulaki , Yanjun Zhou

The horizon of a static black hole in Anti-deSitter space can be spherical, planar, or hyperbolic. The microscopic dynamics of the first two classes of black holes have been extensively discussed recently within the context of the AdS/CFT…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Roberto Emparan

We present a novel model-independent generic mechanism for primordial black hole formation within the context of non-singular matter bouncing cosmology. In particular, considering a short duration transition from the matter contracting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-21 Theodoros Papanikolaou , Shreya Banerjee , Yi-Fu Cai , Salvatore Capozziello , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

We demonstrate that wormholes must be entangled regardless of asymptotic boundary conditions. Assuming black hole complementarity, we argue that traversable wormholes instantiate entanglement-assisted quantum channels and that this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-11 Ning Bao , Grant N. Remmen

Trapped regions bounded by horizons are the defining features of black holes. However, formation of a singularity-free apparent horizon in finite time of a distant observer is consistent only with special states of geometry and matter in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-01 Daniel R. Terno

This paper explores the enduring black hole information and firewall paradoxes, challenges that have prompted many proposals, conjectures, and theories. Noteworthy among these are the ER = EPR conjecture and AdS/CFT correspondence, which…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-10-06 Galina Weinstein

The physics of gravitational waves and other classical fields on specifically four-dimensional backgrounds of black holes exhibits electric-magnetic-like dualities. In this paper, we discuss the structure of such dualities in terms of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-08 Sašo Grozdanov , Mile Vrbica

In this note, we explore the possibility that certain high-energy holographic CFT states correspond to black hole microstates with a geometrical behind-the-horizon region, modelled by a portion of a second asymptotic region terminating at…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-09-04 Sean Cooper , Moshe Rozali , Brian Swingle , Mark Van Raamsdonk , Christopher Waddell , David Wakeham

If quantum gravity does not lead to a breakdown of predictability, then Almheiri, Marolf, Polchinski and Sully (AMPS) have argued that an observer falling into a black hole can perform an experiment which verifies a violation of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-18 Jonathan Oppenheim , William G. Unruh

In 2014, in a famous paper Hawking strongly criticized the firewall paradox by claiming that it violates the equivalence principle and breaks the CPT invariance of quantum gravity. He proposed that the final result of the gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-16 Christian Corda

The weak cosmic censorship conjecture plays a foundational role in classical gravity by asserting that spacetime singularities are generically hidden behind event horizons. In this work, we explore its robustness in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-02 Yan-Qing Xu , Rui-Feng Zheng , Yu-Peng Zhang , Cheng-Yong Zhang

Theories of gravity with a preferred foliation usually display arbitrarily fast signal propagation, changing the black hole definition. A new inescapable barrier, the universal horizon, has been defined and many static and spherically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-05-11 Alan Maciel

After reviewing the shortcomings of existing definitions used to characterize the boundary of a black hole, we present a new method for its characterization. This definition could potentially be applied to locate the boundary of general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-20 Pravin Kumar Dahal

A standard insight of the AdS/CFT correspondence is that some aspects of the geometry of a bulk state are encoded in the entanglement structure of its dual boundary state. As entanglement is not a linear quantum observable, this means that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-06-14 John G. Gardiner

Within General Relativity, the unique stationary solution of an isolated black hole is the Kerr spacetime, which has a peculiar multipolar structure depending only on its mass and spin. We develop a general method to extract the multipole…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-12-30 Massimo Bianchi , Dario Consoli , Alfredo Grillo , Josè Francisco Morales , Paolo Pani , Guilherme Raposo

Black holes are usually studied without including effects of the expanding universe. However in some recent studies black holes have been embedded in an expanding universe, in order to determine the interplay, if any, of these two dynamical…

General Physics · Physics 2013-07-11 David P. Rothall , Reginald T. Cahill

The Standard Model of particle physics successfully describes all known fundamental particles and their interactions; however, it leaves several unanswered questions. Theories beyond the Standard Model typically introduce new particles and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-23 Xavier Pritchard , Matthew Starbuck , Wingfung Leung
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