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An odd perfect number, N, is shown to have at least nine distinct prime factors. If 3 does not divide N, then N must have at least twelve distinct prime divisors. The proof ultimately avoids previous computational results for odd perfect…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-11-11 Pace P. Nielsen

The confluent binomial posets with the atomic function A(n) = max (1,2^(n-2)) are classified. In particular, it is shown that in general there are non-isomorphic intervals of the same length.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jörgen Backelin

The Horn inequalities characterise the possible spectra of triples of $n$-by-$n$ Hermitian matrices $A+B=C$. We study integral inequalities that arise as limits of Horn inequalities as $n \to \infty$. These inequalities are parametrised by…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-27 Samuel G. G. Johnston , Colin McSwiggen

Many finite groups, including all finite non-abelian simple groups, can be symmetrically generated by involutions. In this paper we give an algorithm to symmetrically represent elements of finite groups and to transform symmetrically…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Z. Hasan , A. Kasouha

In this article, we study the problem of finding the longest common separable pattern between several permutations. We give a polynomial-time algorithm when the number of input permutations is fixed and show that the problem is NP-hard for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Mathilde Bouvel , Dominique Rossin , Stephane Vialette

Let $s$ denote West's stack-sorting map. A permutation is called $t-\textit{sorted}$ if it is of the form $s^t(\mu)$ for some permutation $\mu$. We prove that the maximum number of descents that a $t$-sorted permutation of length $n$ can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-02 Colin Defant

We estimate the number of incidences in a configuration of $m$ lines and $n$ points in dimension 3. The main term is $mn^{1/3}$ if we work over the real or complex numbers but $mn^{2/5}$ over finite fields. Both of these are optimal, aside…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-05 János Kollár

In this paper, we prove that for any $k\ge 3$, there exist infinitely many minimal asymmetric $k$-uniform hypergraphs. This is in a striking contrast to $k=2$, where it has been proved recently that there are exactly $18$ minimal asymmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-03 Yiting Jiang , Jaroslav Nešetřil

A $n\times n$ matrix $A$ has normal defect one if it is not normal, however can be embedded as a north-western block into a normal matrix of size $(n+1)\times (n+1)$. The latter is called a minimal normal completion of $A$. A construction…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2009-03-03 D. S. Kaliuzhnyi-Verbovetskyi , I. M. Spitkovsky , H. J. Woerdeman

We consider the problem of enumerating integer tetrahedra of fixed perimeter (sum of side-lengths) and/or diameter (maximum side-length), up to congruence. As we will see, this problem is considerably more difficult than the corresponding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-03 James East , Michael Hendriksen , Laurence Park

We completely classify the asymptotic behavior of the number of alternating sign matrices classically avoiding a single permutation pattern, in the sense of [Johansson and Linusson 2007]. In particular, we give a uniform proof of an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-15 Mathilde Bouvel , Eric S. Egge , Rebecca N. Smith , Jessica Striker , Justin M. Troyka

Call a permutation $k$-inflatable if the sequence of its tensor products with uniform random permutations of increasing lengths has uniform $k$-point pattern densities. Previous work has shown that nontrivial $k$-inflatable permutations do…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-13 Tanya Khovanova , Eric Zhang

The structure of order ideals in the Bruhat order for the symmetric group is elucidated via permutation patterns. A method for determining non-isomorphic principal order ideals is described and applied for small lengths. The permutations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bridget Eileen Tenner

We consider problems concerning the largest degrees of irreducible characters of symmetric groups, and the multiplicities of character degrees of symmetric groups. Using evidence from computer experiments, we posit several new conjectures…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-24 David A. Craven

Let $\pi_n$ be a uniformly chosen random permutation on $[n]$. The authors of [2] showed that the expected number of distinct consecutive patterns of all lengths $k\in\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ in $\pi_n$ was $\frac{n^2}{2}(1-o(1))$ as $n\to\infty$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Verónica Borrás-Serrano , Isabel Byrne , Anant Godbole , Nathaniel Veimau

In this paper, we prove that for any $k\ge 3$, there exist infinitely many minimal asymmetric $k$-uniform hypergraphs. This is in a striking contrast to $k=2$, where it has been proved recently that there are exactly $18$ minimal asymmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-20 Yiting Jiang , Jaroslav Nesetril

We bound the number of permutations with a fixed number $r$ of $321 \ominus p_0$ patterns by a constant times the number of permutations which avoid $321 \ominus p_0$. We use this new upper bound to show that the ordinary generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Michael Waite

We show that for every sufficiently large $n$, the number of monotone subsequences of length four in a permutation on $n$ points is at least $\binom{\lfloor n/3 \rfloor}{4} + \binom{\lfloor(n+1)/3\rfloor}{4} + \binom{\lfloor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-03 József Balogh , Ping Hu , Bernard Lidický , Oleg Pikhurko , Balázs Udvari , Jan Volec

We continue the previous study on the existence of different intermediate Hamiltonians in type A N-fold supersymmetric systems and carry out an exhaustive investigation on the N=3 case. In contrast with the N=2 case, we find various…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-07-12 Bijan Bagchi , Toshiaki Tanaka

We prove that the number of permutations avoiding an arbitrary consecutive pattern of length m is asymptotically largest when the avoided pattern is 12...m, and smallest when the avoided pattern is 12...(m-2)m(m-1). This settles a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Sergi Elizalde