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We follow numerically the nonlinear evolution of the Parker instability in the presence of phase transitions from a warm to a cold HI interstellar medium in two spatial dimensions. The nonlinear evolution of the system favors modes that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 Telemachos Ch. Mouschovias , Matthew W. Kunz , Duncan A. Christie

The interstellar cloud surrounding the solar system regulates the galactic environment of the Sun and constrains the physical characteristics of the interplanetary medium. This paper compares interstellar dust grain properties observed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 P. C. Frisch

We summarise observations and our current understanding of the interstellar medium (ISM) in galaxies, which mainly consists of three phases: cold atomic or molecular gas and clouds, warm neutral or ionised gas, and hot ionised gas. These…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-02 Manami Sasaki , Gabriele Ponti , Jonathan Mackey

The mass density of dust particles that form from asteroids and comets in the interplanetary medium of the solar system is, near 1 AU, comparable to the mass density of the solar wind. It is mainly contained in particles of micrometer size…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Ingrid Mann , Andrzej Czechowski , Nicole Meyer-Vernet , Arnaud Zaslavsky , Herve Lamy

We consider the role of diffusion in the redistribution of elements in the hot interstellar medium (ISM) of early-type galaxies. It is well known that gravitational sedimentation can affect significantly the abundances of helium and heavy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-12 P. Medvedev , S. Sazonov , M. Gilfanov

We present an analysis of the molecular and atomic gas emission in the rest-frame far-infrared and sub-millimetre, from the lensed z=2.3 sub-millimetre galaxy SMM J2135-0102. We obtain very high signal-to-noise detections of 11 transitions…

The interstellar medium mediates galactic evolution as the reservoir of material for future star formation and the repository of energy and matter output by stellar processes. Canadians have played leading roles in ISM science for decades.…

The galactic environment of the Sun varies over short timescales as the Sun and interstellar clouds travel through space. Small variations in the dynamics, ionization, density, and magnetic field strength of the interstellar medium (ISM)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-11 Priscilla C. Frisch , Jonathan D. Slavin

It is expected that as the Sun travels through the interstellar medium (ISM), there will be different filtration of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) that affect Earth. The effect of GCR on Earth's atmosphere and climate is still uncertain.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-21 Merav Opher , Abraham Loeb

We report on 176 close (<2") stellar companions detected with high-resolution imaging near 170 hosts of Kepler Objects of Interest. These Kepler targets were prioritized for imaging follow-up based on the presence of small planets, so most…

Properties of interstellar environment near the solar system have been probed by missions like IBEX, Voyager over the last two decades. Although it has been well recognized that properties of cosmic rays up to the PeV energy can be affected…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-10 Zhangxi Xue , Siming Liu

We present a novel framework to self-consistently model the effects of radiation fields, dust physics and molecular chemistry (H$_2$) in the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies. The model combines a state-of-the-art radiation…

We study the interstellar medium (ISM) properties of three heavily reddened quasars at $z\sim2.5$ as well as three millimetre-bright companion galaxies near these quasars. New JVLA and ALMA observations constrain the CO(1-0), CO(7-6) and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-13 Manda Banerji , Gareth Jones , Jeff Wagg , Chris Carilli , Thomas Bisbas , Paul Hewett

Interstellar medium (ISM) structures gravitationally perturb stellar orbits in galactic disks, driving orbital heating and migration. However, studies of these transport processes tend to model the ISM very crudely, e.g., as a collection of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-22 Shaunak Modak , Chris Hamilton , Eve C. Ostriker , Scott Tremaine

We report the first detection of the metal-bearing molecules sodium sulfide (NaS) and magnesium sulfide (MgS) and the tentative detection of calcium monoxide (CaO) in the interstellar medium (ISM) towards the Galactic Center molecular cloud…

The intergalactic medium (IGM) comprises all the matter that lies between galaxies. Hosting the vast majority ($\gtrsim 90\%$) of the baryons in the Universe, the IGM is a critical reservoir and probe for cosmology and astrophysics,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-18 Nicolas Tejos

The physical conditions within our heliosphere are driven by the Sun's motion through an evolving interstellar environment that remains largely unexplored. The next generation of outer heliosphere and interstellar explorers will answer…

We present results on the heating of the inter-cluster medium (ICM) by gravitational potential energy from in-falling satellites. We calculate the available excess energy of baryons once they are stripped from their satellite and added to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Sadegh Khochfar

We present mid-infrared imaging and far-infrared (FIR) spectroscopy of 5 IBm galaxies observed by ISO as part of our larger study of the inter- stellar medium of galaxies. Most of the irregulars in our sample are very actively forming…

The structure and properties of the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) on small scales, sub-au to 1 pc, are poorly understood. We compare interstellar absorption-lines, observed towards a selection of O- and B-type stars at two or more…

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