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We considered a model for the prompt phase of Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) emission arising from a magnetized jet undergoing gradual energy dissipation due to magnetic reconnection. The dissipated magnetic energy is translated to bulk kinetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-03 Paz Beniamini , Dimitrios Giannios

There is no complete description of the emission physics during the prompt phase in gamma-ray bursts. Spectral analyses, however, indicate that many spectra are narrower than what is expected for non-thermal emission models. Here, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-06 Zeynep Acuner , Felix Ryde , Asaf Pe'er , Daniel Mortlock , Björn Ahlgren

A large fraction of gamma-ray burst (GRB) spectra are very hard below the peak. Indeed, the observed distribution of sub-peak power-law indices, $\alpha$, has been used as an argument for a photospheric origin of GRB spectra. Here, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-12 Zeynep Acuner , Felix Ryde , Hoi-Fung Yu

Although Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) have been detected for many decades, the lack of knowledge regarding the radiation mechanism that produces the energetic flash of radiation, or prompt emission, from these events has prevented the full use…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-23 Tyler Parsotan , Davide Lazzati

The origin of prompt emission in $\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) is highly debated topic. The observed spectra are supposed to play a crucial role in constraining the location of the emitting region, the strength of the magnetic field and the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-26 Gor Oganesyan

While Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) have the potential to shed light on the astrophysics of jets, compact objects, and cosmology, a major set back in their use as probes of these phenomena stems from our incomplete knowledge surrounding their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-08-12 Tyler Parsotan , Davide Lazzati

We discuss the prompt emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts in different spectral energy bands. First, we suggest that a three-part synchrotron emission model is a good description of the ~20 keV - 1 MeV gamma-ray emission of GRBs. We show that this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Nicole M. Lloyd-Ronning

Many different physical processes have been suggested to explain the prompt gamma-ray emission in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Although there are examples of both bursts with photospheric and synchrotron emission origins, these distinct…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-07 Zeynep Acuner , Felix Ryde

Gamma-ray burst (GRB) spectra are typically non-thermal, with many including two spectral breaks suggestive of optically-thin emission. However, the emitted spectrum from a GRB photosphere, which includes prior dissipation of energy by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-16 Oscar Wistemar , Filip Alamaa , Felix Ryde

The origin of prompt emission in GRBs is not yet well understood. The simplest and most popular model is Synchrotron, Self-Compton (SSC) emission produced by internal shocks inside an ultra-relativistic jet. However, recent observations of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 Houri Ziaeepour , Brian Gardner

Using a detailed model of the internal shock phase, we discuss the origin of the prompt emission in gamma-ray bursts. We focus on the identification of the dominant radiative process (Fermi-GBM range) and propose an explanation for some…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-12-21 F. Daigne , Z. Bosnjak , G. Dubus

Information on the spectral shape of prompt emission in gamma-ray bursts (GRB) is mostly available only at energies $\gtrsim10$ keV, where the main instruments for GRB detection are sensitive. The origin of this emission is still very…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 Gor Oganesyan , Lara Nava , Giancarlo Ghirlanda , Andrea Melandri , Annalisa Celotti

The physical origin of gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission (photosphere or synchrotron) is still subject to debate after five decades. Here, firstly we find that many observed characteristics of 15 long GRBs, which have the highest prompt…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-13 Yan-Zhi Meng

The study of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) has the potential to improve our understanding of high energy astrophysical phenomena. In order to reliably use GRBs to this end, we first need to have a well-developed grasp of the mechanism that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-26 Tyler Parsotan , Davide Lazzati

The physical origin of prompt emission in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) remains an open question since it has been studied more than half a century. Three alternative models (i.e. dissipative photosphere, internal shock, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-27 Yang-Dong-Jun Ou , Hou-Jun Lü , Jia-Ming Chen , Ben-Yang Zhu , En-Wei Liang

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) show evidence of different light curves, duration, afterglows, host galaxies and they explode within a wide redshift range. However, their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) appear to be very similar showing a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 F. Massaro , J. E. Grindlay

Despite more than fifty years of gamma-ray burst (GRB) observations, several questions regarding the origin of the prompt emission, particularly at high energies, remain unresolved. We present a comprehensive analysis of 35 GRBs observed by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-22 Samanta Macera , Biswajit Banerjee , Alessio Mei , Pawan Tiwari , Gor Oganesyan , Marica Branchesi

The prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is supposed to be released from the relativistic jet launched from the central engine. Apart from the non-thermal nature of the spectra in a majority of GRBs, there is evidence for the presence…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-22 Ding-Fang Hu , Jin-Jun Geng , Hao-Xuan Gao , Jing-Zhi Yan , Xue-Feng Wu

The observational diversity of optical emission, which coincides with prompt gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), has been discovered in the recent Swift era. We show that on the assumption of the synchrotron radiation for the observed energy range…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hirotsugu Doi , Kentaro Takami , Ryo Yamazaki

The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope observed the bright and long GRB090902B, lying at a redshift of z = 1.822. Together the Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) cover the spectral range from 8 keV to >300 GeV is…