Related papers: Finite Type Enhancements

We study the structure of symplectic quandles, quandles which are also R-modules equipped with an antisymmetric bilinear form. We show that every finite dimensional symplectic quandle over a finite field F or arbitrary field F of…

Vassiliev's knot invariants can be computed in different ways but many of them as Kontsevich integral are very difficult. We consider more visual diagram formulas of the type Polyak-Viro and give new diagram formula for the two basic…

We review and analyse techniques from the literature for extending a normed algebra, A to a normed algebra, B, so that B has interesting or desirable properties which A may lack. For example, B might include roots of monic polynomials over…

We show that if an open cover of a finite dimensional space is equivariant with respect to some finite group action on the space then there is an equivariant refinement of bounded dimension. This will generalize some constructions of…

Welded knotted objects are a combinatorial extension of knot theory, which can be used as a tool for studying ribbon surfaces in $4$-space. A finite type invariant theory for ribbon knotted surfaces was developped by Kanenobu, Habiro and…

The Crouzeix--Raviart finite element method is widely recognized in the field of finite element analysis due to its nonconforming nature. The main goal of this paper is to present a general strategy for enhancing the Crouzeix--Raviart…

We study the Grothendieck classes of quiver cycles, i.e. invariant closed subvarieties of the representation space of a quiver. For quivers without oriented loops we show that the class of a quiver cycle is determined by quiver…

The method of constructing of extended phase space for singular theories which permits the consideration of covariant gauges without the introducing of a ghost fields, is proposed. The extension of the phase space is carried out by the…

Quandle colorings and cocycle invariants are studied for composite knots, and applied to chirality and abelian extensions. The square and granny knots, for example, can be distinguished by quandle colorings, so that a trefoil and its mirror…

The higher order degrees are Alexander-type invariants of complements to an affine plane curve. In this paper we characterize the vanishing of such invariants for transversal unions of plane curves $C'$ and $C''$ in terms of the finiteness,…

Given a homomorphism from a knot group to a fixed group, we introduce an element of a $K_1$-group, which is a generalization of (twisted) Alexander polynomials. We compare this $K_1$-class with other Alexander polynomials. In terms of…

This work proposes two nodal type nonconforming finite elements over convex quadrilaterals, which are parts of a finite element exact sequence. Both elements are of 12 degrees of freedom (DoFs) with polynomial shape function spaces…

A classical result due to Lovasz (1967) shows that the isomorphism type of a graph is determined by homomorphism counts. That is, graphs G and H are isomorphic whenever the number of homomorphisms from K to G is the same as the number of…

There are two abelian groups which can naturally be associated to an additive category A: the split Grothendieck group of A and the triangulated Grothendieck group of the homotopy category of (bounded) complexes in A. We prove that these…

In this survey, we first present basic facts on A-infinity algebras and modules including their use in describing triangulated categories. Then we describe the Quillen model approach to A-infinity structures following K. Lefevre's thesis.…

A countably infinite Boolean inverse monoid that can be written as an increasing union of finite Boolean inverse monoids (suitably embedded) is said to be of finite type. Borrowing terminology from $C^{\ast}$-algebra theory, we say that…

We define the affinization of an arbitrary monoidal category $\mathcal{C}$, corresponding to the category of $\mathcal{C}$-diagrams on the cylinder. We also give an alternative characterization in terms of adjoining dot generators to…

This paper studies an algebraic invariant of virtual knots called the biquandle. The biquandle generalizes the fundamental group and the quandle of virtual knots. The approach taken in this paper to the biquandle emphasizes understanding…

The universal Vassiliev-Kontsevich invariant is a functor from the category of tangles to a certain graded category of chord diagrams, compatible with the Vassiliev filtration and whose associated graded is an isomorphism. The Vassiliev…

Finite type invariants (also known as Vassiliev invariants) of pure braids are considered from a group-theoretic point of view. New results include a construction of a universal invariant with integer coefficients based on the Magnus…