Related papers: Using Syntactic Features for Phishing Detection

We examined the influence of three social engineering strategies on users' judgments of how safe it is to click on a link in an email. The three strategies examined were authority, scarcity and social proof, and the emails were either…

Phishing websites pose a major cybersecurity threat, exploiting unsuspecting users and causing significant financial and organisational harm. Traditional machine learning approaches for phishing detection often require extensive feature…

Phishing attacks represent a significant cybersecurity threat, necessitating adaptive detection techniques. This study explores few-shot Adaptive Linguistic Prompting (ALP) in detecting phishing webpages through the multimodal capabilities…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly capable, aiding in tasks such as content generation, yet they also pose risks, particularly in generating harmful spear-phishing emails. These emails, crafted to entice clicks on malicious URLs,…

Cognitive and social traits of individuals are reflected in language use. Moreover, individuals who are prone to spread fake news online often share common traits. Building on these ideas, we introduce a model that creates representations…

The use of content features, particularly textual and linguistic for fake news detection is under-researched, despite empirical evidence showing the features could contribute to differentiating real and fake news. To this end, this study…

Phishing attacks remain one of the most prevalent and persistent cybersecurity threat with attackers continuously evolving and intensifying tactics to evade the general detection system. Despite significant advances in artificial…

Malicious websites are responsible for a majority of the cyber-attacks and scams today. Malicious URLs are delivered to unsuspecting users via email, text messages, pop-ups or advertisements. Clicking on or crawling such URLs can result in…

Security exploits can include cyber threats such as computer programs that can disturb the normal behavior of computer systems (viruses), unsolicited e-mail (spam), malicious software (malware), monitoring software (spyware), attempting to…

To address the challenging problem of detecting phishing webpages, researchers have developed numerous solutions, in particular those based on machine learning (ML) algorithms. Among these, brand-based phishing detection that uses models…

SMS Phishing (also known as 'smishing') is a growing deceptive social engineering (SE) attack that leverages mobile SMS to conduct cybercrimes such as stealing sensitive information or spreading malware by tricking users into interacting…

Phishing is a way of stealing people's sensitive information such as username, password and banking details by disguising as a legitimate entity (i.e. email, website). Anti-phishing education considered to be vital in strengthening "human",…

The never-ending barrage of malicious emails, such as spam and phishing, is of constant concern for users, who rely on countermeasures such as email filters to keep the intended recipient safe. Modern email filters, one of our few defence…

Web-fraud is one of the most unpleasant features of today's Internet. Two well-known examples of fraudulent activities on the web are phishing and typosquatting. Their effects range from relatively benign (such as unwanted ads) to downright…

Phishing attacks are the most common type of cyber-attacks used to obtain sensitive information and have been affecting individuals as well as organisations across the globe. Various techniques have been proposed to identify the phishing…

Programmers regularly use strings to encode many types of data, such as Unix file paths, URLs, and email addresses, that are conceptually different. However, existing mainstream programming languages use a unified string type to represent…

The syntactic structures of sentences can be readily read-out from the activations of large language models (LLMs). However, the ``structural probes'' that have been developed to reveal this phenomenon are typically evaluated on an…

Now-a-days, cyberattacks are increasing at an unprecedented rate. Phishing is a social engineering attack which has a massive global impact, destroying the financial and economic value of corporations, government sectors and individuals. In…

The effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly relies on the quality of the prompts they receive. However, even when processing identical prompts, LLMs can yield varying outcomes due to differences in their training…

The security of messaging applications against person-in-the-middle attacks relies on the authenticity of the exchanged keys. For users unable to meet in person, a manual key fingerprint verification is necessary to ascertain key…