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Observations of the cosmic 21-cm power spectrum (PS) are starting to enable precision Bayesian inference of galaxy properties and physical cosmology, during the first billion years of our Universe. Here we investigate the impact of common…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 David Prelogović , Andrei Mesinger

State-space models are successfully used in many areas of science, engineering and economics to model time series and dynamical systems. We present a fully Bayesian approach to inference \emph{and learning} (i.e. state estimation and system…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-12-18 Roger Frigola , Fredrik Lindsten , Thomas B. Schön , Carl E. Rasmussen

We propose an efficient and model independent method for reconstructing the primordial power spectrum from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and large scale structure observations. The algorithm is based on a Monte Carlo principle and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Steen Hannestad

The decomposition of the cosmic shear field into E- and B-mode is an important diagnostic in weak gravitational lensing. However, commonly used techniques to perform this separation suffer from mode-mixing on very small or very large…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Liping Fu , Martin Kilbinger

The weak gravitational lensing of distant galaxies by large-scale structure is expected to become a powerful probe of dark energy. By measuring the ellipticities of large numbers of background galaxies, the subtle gravitational distortion…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Charles Shapiro

The next generation of weak lensing probes can place strong constraints on cosmological parameters by measuring the mass distribution and geometry of the low redshift universe. We show that a future all-sky tomographic cosmic shear survey…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Ivan Debono

The angular power spectrum C_l is extracted from the 4 year COBE DMR data with a 20 degree galactic cut, using the narrowest window functions possible. The average power in eight multipole bands is also computed, and plotted together with a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Max Tegmark

In this paper we investigate the impact that realistic scale-dependence systematic effects may have on cosmic shear tomography. We model spatially varying residual ellipticity and size variations in weak lensing measurements and propagate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-09 T. D. Kitching , A. N. Taylor , M. Cropper , H. Hoekstra , R. K. E. Hood , R. Massey , S. Niemi

In this paper we show how response function corrections to shear measurements (e.g. as required by Metacalibration) propagate into cosmic shear power spectra. We investigate a 2-sphere pixel (also known as HEALpixel') correction and a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-01 T. D. Kitching , N. Tessore , P. L. Taylor

We consider the bias introduced by a spatially-varying multiplicative shear bias (m-bias) on tomographic cosmic shear angular power spectra. To compute the bias in the power spectra, we estimate the mode-coupling matrix associated with an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-30 Casey Cragg , Christopher A. J. Duncan , Lance Miller , David Alonso

We introduce a Bayesian solution to the problem of inferring the density profile of strong gravitational lenses when the lens galaxy may contain multiple dark or faint substructures. The source and lens models are based on a superposition…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-12 Brendon J. Brewer , David Huijser , Geraint F. Lewis

We present a Bayesian hierarchical framework for a principled data analysis pipeline of peculiar velocity surveys, which makes explicit the inference problem of constraining cosmological parameters from redshift-independent distance…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-24 Lawrence Dam

Since cosmic shear was first observed in 2000, it has become a key cosmological probe and promises to deliver exquisite dark energy constraints. However, shear is inferred from coherent distortions of galaxy shapes, and the relation between…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-19 Enya Van den Abeele , Pierre Astier , Anna Niemiec

Cross-correlating the lensing signals of galaxies and comic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations is expected to provide valuable cosmological information. In particular it may help tighten constraints on parameters describing the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-14 Philipp M. Merkel , Bjoern Malte Schaefer

Hyperspectral unmixing is a blind source separation problem which consists in estimating the reference spectral signatures contained in a hyperspectral image, as well as their relative contribution to each pixel according to a given mixture…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-11-21 Pierre-Antoine Thouvenin , Nicolas Dobigeon , Jean-Yves Tourneret

To investigate and specify the statistical properties of cosmological fields with particular attention to possible non-Gaussian features, accurate formulae for the bispectrum and the bispectrum covariance are required. The bispectrum is the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Sandra Martin , Peter Schneider , Patrick Simon

The ongoing replication crisis in science has increased interest in the methodology of replication studies. We propose a novel Bayesian analysis approach using power priors: The likelihood of the original study's data is raised to the power…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-28 Samuel Pawel , Frederik Aust , Leonhard Held , Eric-Jan Wagenmakers

The current suite of results from Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropy experiments is fulfilling the promise of providing extraordinary levels of discrimination between cosmological models. We calculate a binned anisotropy power spectrum,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Elena Pierpaoli , Douglas Scott , Martin White

Bayesian hypothesis tests leverage posterior probabilities, Bayes factors, or credible intervals to inform data-driven decision making. We propose a framework for power curve approximation with such hypothesis tests. We present a fast…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-08 Luke Hagar , Nathaniel T. Stevens

Variational Inference is a powerful tool in the Bayesian modeling toolkit, however, its effectiveness is determined by the expressivity of the utilized variational distributions in terms of their ability to match the true posterior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-10 Artem Sobolev , Dmitry Vetrov