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This paper solves the rational noncommutative analog of Hilbert's 17th problem: if a noncommutative rational function is positive semidefinite on all tuples of hermitian matrices in its domain, then it is a sum of hermitian squares of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-08-23 Jurij Volčič

Semi-free ideal rings, or semifirs, were introduced by Paul M. Cohn to study universal localizations in the non-commutative setting. We provide new examples of semifirs consisting of analytic functions in several non-commuting variables.…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Méric L. Augat , Robert T. W. Martin , Eli Shamovich

One of the main applications of semidefinite programming lies in linear systems and control theory. Many problems in this subject, certainly the textbook classics, have matrices as variables, and the formulas naturally contain…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2011-12-30 J. William Helton , Igor Klep , Scott McCullough

Multidimensional systems are becoming increasingly important as they provide a promising tool for estimation, simulation and control, while going beyond the traditional setting of one-dimensional systems. The analysis of multidimensional…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Philippe Dreesen , Kim Batselier , Bart De Moor

We here present three characterizations of not necessarily causal, rational functions which are (co)-isometric on the unit circle: (i) Through the realization matrix of Schur stable systems. (ii) The Blaschke-Potapov product, which is then…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-01-06 Daniel Alpay , Palle Jorgensen , Izchak Lewkowicz

We prove an implicit function theorem and an inverse function theorem for free noncommutative functions over operator spaces and on the set of nilpotent matrices. We apply these results to study dependence of the solution of the initial…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2015-06-30 Gulnara Abduvalieva , Dmitry S. Kaliuzhnyi-Verbovetskyi

Let $r$ be a nonconstant noncommutative rational function in $m$ variables over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic 0. We show that for $n$ large enough, there exists an $X\in M_n(K)^m$ such that $r(X)$ has $n$ distinct and…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-07-25 Matej Brešar , Jurij Volčič

This is a tutorial on some basic non-asymptotic methods and concepts in random matrix theory. The reader will learn several tools for the analysis of the extreme singular values of random matrices with independent rows or columns. Many of…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-05-21 Roman Vershynin

Operator convex functions defined on the positive half-line play a prominent role in the theory of quantum information, where they are used to define quantum $f$-divergences. Such functions admit integral representations in terms of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-23 Oisín Faust , Hamza Fawzi

For a rational function of several variables with nonnegative imaginary part on the upper poly-half-plane, the matrix representations are obtained.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-11-30 M. F. Bessmertnyi

Noncommutative functions are graded functions between sets of square matrices of all sizes over two vector spaces that respect direct sums and similarities. They possess very strong regularity properties (reminiscent of the regularity…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-20 Dmitry Kaliuzhnyi-Verbovetskyi , Leonard Stevenson , Victor Vinnikov

This paper proposes a unique optimization approach for estimating the minimax rational approximation and its application for evaluating matrix functions. Our method enables the extension to generalized rational approximations and has the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-03 Nir Sharon , Vinesha Peiris , Nadia Sukhorukova , Julien Ugon

We study topological aspects of matrix models and noncommutative cohomological field theories (N.C.CohFT). N.C.CohFT have symmetry under the arbitrary infinitesimal noncommutative parameter $\theta$ deformation. This fact implies that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Akifumi Sako

We introduce a notion of a noncommutative function defined on a domain of $d$-tuples of bounded operators on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. Inverse and implicit function theorems in this setting are established. When these…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-08-25 Mark E. Mancuso

We consider noncommutative rational functions as well as matrices in polynomials in noncommuting variables in two settings: in an algebraic context the variables are formal variables, and their rational functions generate the "free field";…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2020-04-17 Tobias Mai , Roland Speicher , Sheng Yin

In this self-contained paper, we present a theory of the piecewise linear minimal valid functions for the 1-row Gomory-Johnson infinite group problem. The non-extreme minimal valid functions are those that admit effective perturbations. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-08 Robert Hildebrand , Matthias Köppe , Yuan Zhou

We here extend the well known Positive Real Lemma (also known as the Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov Lemma) to complex matrix-valued generalized positive rational function, when non-minimal realizations are considered. We then exploit this result…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-08-26 Daniel Alpay , Izchak Lewkowicz

Motivated by classical notions of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs) and partial convexity, this article investigates partial convexity for noncommutative functions. It is shown that noncommutative rational functions that are partially…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-24 Michael Jury , Igor Klep , Mark E. Mancuso , Scott McCullough , James Eldred Pascoe

This article, addressed to a general audience of functional analysts, is intended to be an illustration of a few basic principles from `noncommutative functional analysis', more specifically the new field of {\em operator spaces.} In our…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David P. Blecher , Damon M. Hay

The aim of this work is to certify lower bounds for real-valued multivariate functions, defined by semialgebraic or transcendental expressions. The certificate must be, eventually, formally provable in a proof system such as Coq. The…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2014-04-18 Xavier Allamigeon , Stéphane Gaubert , Victor Magron , Benjamin Werner