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In energy-time entanglement Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), two users extract a shared secret key from the arrival times (discretized as symbols) of entangled photon pairs. In prior work, Zhou et al. proposed a multi-level coding (MLC)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Debarnab Mitra , Lev Tauz , Murat Can Sarihan , Chee Wei Wong , Lara Dolecek

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution utilizes an ensemble of coherent states of light to distribute secret encryption keys between two parties. One of the challenges is thereby the requirement of capacity approaching error…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Hossein Mani , Tobias Gehring , Christoph Pacher , Ulrik Lund Andersen

Quantum low density parity check (QLDPC) codes are useful primitives for quantum information processing because they can be encoded and decoded efficiently. Besides, the error correcting capability of a few QLDPC codes exceeds the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-15 K. H. Ho , H. F. Chau

We propose fault-tolerant encoders for quantum low-density parity check (LDPC) codes. By grouping qubits within a quantum code over contiguous blocks and applying preshared entanglement across these blocks, we show how transversal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-27 Abhi Kumar Sharma , Shayan Srinivasa Garani

We suggest a new protocol for the information reconciliation stage of quantum key distribution based on polar codes. The suggested approach is based on the blind technique, which is proved to be useful for low-density parity-check (LDPC)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-26 E. O. Kiktenko , A. O. Malyshev , A. K. Fedorov

Information Reconciliation is an essential part of Quantum Key distribution protocols that closely resembles Slepian-Wolf coding. The application of nonbinary LDPC codes in the Information Reconciliation stage of a high-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-30 Ronny Müller , Davide Bacco , Leif Katsou Oxenløwe , Søren Forchhammer

We discuss the error reconciliation phase in quantum key distribution (QKD) and analyse a simple scheme in which blocks with bad parity (that is, blocks containing an odd number of errors) are discarded. We predict the performance of this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-05-10 Richard P. Brent

In this paper, we present an efficient algorithm to sample random sparse matrices to be used as check matrices for quantum Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes. To ease the treatment, we mainly describe our algorithm as a technique to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Paolo Santini

In this paper, we introduce a reconciliation protocol with a two-step error correction scheme that uses a short-blocklength, low-rate code and a long-blocklength, high-rate code. We simulate the protocol using a short-block-length…

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with the parity-based approach for distributed joint source channel coding (DJSCC) with decoder side information is described in this paper. The parity-based approach is theoretical limit achievable.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-10 Feng Cen

In this work, we propose a novel key reconciliation protocol for the quantum key distribution (QKD). Based on Newton's polynomial interpolation, the proposed protocol aims to correct all erroneous bits at the receiver without revealing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Enver Ozdemir , Neslihan Aysen Ozkirisci , Ozan Alp Topal , Emel A. Ugurlu

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes have been proven to achieve higher minimum distances at higher code rates than surface codes. However, this family of codes imposes stringent latency requirements and poor performance under…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Dimitris Chytas , Nithin Raveendran , Bane Vasić

Quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes offer a promising route to scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing due to their substantially reduced footprint. However, these gains can be diluted at utility scale if we cannot also realize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Willers Yang , Jason Chadwick , Mariesa H. Teo , Joshua Viszlai , Fred Chong

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes are among the most promising candidates for future quantum error correction schemes. However, a limited number of short to moderate-length QLDPC codes have been designed and their decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Sisi Miao , Jonathan Mandelbaum , Holger Jäkel , Laurent Schmalen

The ultimate goal of quantum error correction is to create logical qubits with very low error rates (e.g. 1e-12) and assemble them into large-scale quantum computers capable of performing many (e.g. billions) of logical gates on many (e.g.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Michael E. Beverland , Malcolm Carroll , Andrew W. Cross , Theodore J. Yoder

Decoding Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes is a fundamental problem in coding theory, and Belief Propagation (BP) is one of the most popular methods for LDPC code decoding. However, BP may encounter convergence issues and suboptimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Krishnakanta Barik , Goutam Paul

For a high-rate case, it is difficult to randomly construct good low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes of short and moderate lengths because their Tanner graphs are prone to making short cycles. Also, the existing high-rate quasi-cyclic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Hosung Park , Seokbeom Hong , Jong-Seon No , Dong-Joon Shin

Quantum low-density parity check (qLDPC) codes offer higher encoding rate than topological codes, e.g. surface codes, making them favourable for practical, fault-tolerant quantum computing with low overhead. These codes are particularly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Susan X. Chen , Matthias C. Löbl , Ming Lai Chan , Anders S. Sørensen , Stefano Paesani

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) is an essential field of research towards the realization of large-scale quantum computers. On the theoretical side, a lot of effort is put into designing error-correcting codes that protect quantum data from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Lucas Berent , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

Constrained devices, such as smart sensors, wearable devices, and Internet of Things nodes, are increasingly prevalent in society and rely on secure communications to function properly. These devices often operate autonomously, exchanging…