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The large scale structure of a brown dwarf atmosphere is determined by an interplay of convection, radiation, dust formation, and gravitational settling, which possibly provides an explanation for the observed variability. The result is an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ch. Helling , P. Woitke

We use 3D-PDR, a three-dimensional astrochemistry code for modeling photodissociation regions (PDRs), to post-process hydrodynamic simulations of turbulent, star-forming clouds. We focus on the transition from atomic to molecular gas, with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Stella S. R. Offner , Thomas G. Bisbas , Serena Viti , Thomas A. Bell

We describe a morphological imprint of magnetization found when considering the relative orientation of the magnetic field direction with respect to the density structures in simulated turbulent molecular clouds. This imprint was found…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-08-27 J. D. Soler , P. Hennebelle , P. G. Martin , M. A. Miville-Deschênes , C. B. Netterfield , L. M. Fissel

The Sun is located inside an extremely low density and quite irregular volume of the interstellar medium, known as the Local Cavity (LC). It has been widely believed that some kind of interaction could be occurring between the LC and Loop…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2012-05-18 Fábio P. Santos , Wagner Corradi , Wilson Reis

We present 3-dimensional radiative transfer models for clumpy dust tori around AGN. Our method combines Monte Carlo simulations of individual dust clouds with the actual 3-dimensional distribution of clouds in the torus. The model has been…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. F. Hoenig , T. Beckert , K. Ohnaka , G. Weigelt

Infrared studies of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are critical to our understanding of the formation of cosmic dust. In this investigation, we explore the mid-to-far-infrared emission of oxygen rich AGB star RT Virginis. This…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-03 Michael D. Preston , Angela K. Speck , Beth Sargent , Sean Dillon

The distribution of dust and molecular clouds in the direction of Galactic longitudes 132--158 deg and latitudes pm 12 deg is investigated. The maps of dust distribution in the area were plotted from the following surveys: the star counts…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 V. Straizys , V. Laugalys

Multi-wavelength surveys place cloud dispersal at 1-5 Myr after massive stars emerge, before the first supernovae. Whether a cloud disperses, re-collapses, or leaks Lyman-continuum (LyC) photons depends on how pre-supernova winds, radiation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-28 Jia Wei Teh , Ralf S. Klessen , Simon C. O. Glover , Kathryn Kreckel

We have used the Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory to observe the Orion A and Ophiuchus clouds in the $J=$1$-$0 lines of $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O, HCN, HCO$^+$, and N$_2$H$^+$ and the $J=$2$-$1 line of CS. The fully sampled maps with uniform…

A superbubble which advances in a symmetric Navarro--Frenk--White density profile or in an auto-gravitating density profile generates a thick shell with a radius that can reach 10 kpc. The application of the symmetric and asymmetric image…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-28 L. Zaninetti

We present a study of the three-dimensional structure of the molecular clouds in the Galactic Centre (GC) using CO emission and OH absorption lines. Two CO isotopologue lines, $^{12}$CO ($J$=1$\rightarrow$0) and $^{13}$CO…

We present the results of long-slit echelle spectroscopy and deep narrow-band imaging of the Owl Nebula (NGC 3587), obtained at the \textit{Observatorio Astron\'omico Nacional, San Pedro M\'artir}. These data allow us to construct an…

The shapes of isolated Bok globules and embedded dense cores of molecular clouds are analyzed using a nonparametric method, under the alternate hypotheses that they are randomly oriented prolate objects or that they are randomly oriented…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Barbara S. Ryden

The study of the atmosphere of red supergiant stars in general and of Betelgeuse (alpha Orionis) in particular is of prime importance to understand dust formation and how mass is lost to the interstellar medium in evolved massive stars. A…

OB type stars have strong ionizing radiation, and drive energetic winds. The ultraviolet (UV) radiation from ionizing stars may heat dust and ionize gas to sweep up an expanding bubble shell. This shell may be the result of feedback leading…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-13 Chuan-Peng Zhang , Guang-Xing Li , Friedrich Wyrowski , Jun-Jie Wang , Jing-Hua Yuan , Jin-Long Xu , Yan Gong , Cosmos C. Yeh , Karl M. Menten

The true 3-dimensional (3D) morphology of the Musca molecular cloud is a topic that has received significant attention lately. Given that Musca does not exhibit intense star-formation activity, unveiling its shape has the potential of also…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-22 A. Tritsis , F. Bouzelou , R. Skalidis , K. Tassis , T. Enßlin , G. Edenhofer

A simple prediction of the well-known unification model of active galactic nuclei is that a sample of sources should exhibit an anti-correlation between the solid angle of the dusty torus and of the ionization cone (as the sum of them shall…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-05 Liang Wu , Jun-Xian Wang , Hao-Chen Wang , Wen-Yong Kang , Wei-Da Hu , Ting-Gui Wang , Hui-Yuan Wang

Lada et al. (1994) have described a method for studying the distribution of dust in dark clouds using infrared imaging surveys. In particular they show that the method provides some information about the structure of the gas (dust) on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Paolo Padoan , Bernard J. T. Jones , AAke Nordlund

Recent high angular resolution observations of protoplanetary disks at different wavelengths have revealed several kinds of structures, including multiple bright and dark rings. Embedded planets are the most used explanation for such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 P. Pinilla , A. Pohl , S. M. Stammler , T. Birnstiel

We present integral field spectroscopy of two selected zones in the Orion Nebula obtained with the Potsdam Multi-Aperture Spectrophotometer (PMAS), covering the optical spectral range from 3500 to 7200 A and with a spatial resolution of 1".…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 A. Mesa-Delgado , M. Núñez-Díaz , C. Esteban , L. López-Martín , J. García-Rojas