Related papers: Local particle-ghost symmetry
The permutation symmetry is a fundamental attribute of the collective wavefunction of indistinguishable particles. It makes a difference for the behavior of collective systems having different quantum statistics but existing in the same…
A new class of identical particles which may exhibit both Bose and Fermi statistics with respective probabilities $p_b$ and $p_f$ is introduced. Such an uncertainity may be either an intrinsic property of a particle or can be viewed as an…
We discuss the conditions under which identical particles may yet be distinguishable and the relationship between particle permutation and exchange. We show that we can always define permutation-symmetric state vectors. When the particles…
We discuss the geometry of the Lagrangian quantization scheme based on (generalized) Schwinger-Dyson BRST symmetries. When a certain set of ghost fields are integrated out of the path integral, we recover the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism,…
We study the BRST cohomology for $SL(2,R)/U(1)$ coset model, which describes an exact string black hole solution. It is shown that the physical spectrum could contain not only the extra discrete states corresponding to those in $c=1$…
Inspired by the concept of complementarity, we present a illustrative model for the weak interactions with unbroken gauge symmetry and unbroken supersymmetry. The observable particles are bound states of some more fundamental particles.…
We obtain the various forms of BRST symmetry by using the Batalin-Fradkin-Vilkovisky formalism in a prototypical first class system. We have shown that the various forms of symmetry can be obtained through canonical transformation in the…
Quantum statistics have a profound impact on the properties of systems composed of identical particles. In this Letter, we demonstrate that the quantum statistics of a pair of identical massive particles can be probed by a direct…
We study a symmetry, schematically Energy -> - Energy, which suppresses matter contributions to the cosmological constant. The requisite negative energy fluctuations are identified with a "ghost" copy of the Standard Model. Gravity…
Supersymmetry, a new symmetry that relates bosons and fermions in particle physics, still escapes observation. Search for supersymmetry is one of the main aims of the Large Hadron Collider. The other possible manifestation of supersymmetry…
We derive and present symmetric ghost Lagrange densities for the coupling of General Relativity to Yang--Mills theories. The graviton-ghost is constructed with respect to the linearized de Donder gauge fixing condition and the gauge ghost…
Despite the obvious difference between fermions and bosons in their physical properties and statistical distributions, but we have to ask the following question. What is the form of statistical distribution for a system of quantum particles…
We analyze the relation between the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian BRST symmetry generators for a recently proposed two-dimensional symmetry. In particular it is shown that this symmetry may be obtained from a canonical transformation in the…
We derive the gaugeon formalism of the Kalb-Ramond field theory, a reducible gauge theory, which discusses the quantum gauge freedom. In gaugeon formalism, theory admits quantum gauge symmetry which leaves the action form-invariant. The…
We obtain the correct cohomology at any ghost number for the open and closed covariant superstring, quantized by an approach which we recently developed. We define physical states by the usual condition of BRST invariance and a new…
In quantum theory, particles in three spatial dimensions come in two different types: bosons or fermions, which exhibit sharply contrasting behaviours due to their different exchange statistics. Could more general forms of probabilistic…
The aim of these notes is to provide a self-contained review of why it is generically a problem when a solution of a theory possesses ghost fields among the perturbation modes. We define what a ghost field is and we show that its presence…
Quantum systems governed by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with $\PT$ symmetry are special in having real energy eigenvalues bounded below and unitary time evolution. We argue that $\PT$ symmetry may also be important and present at the level…
Coincidence imaging, also known as ghost imaging, is a technique that exploits correlations between two particles to reconstruct information about a specimen. The particle that relays the spatial information about the object remains…
We discuss the the notion of a partial dynamical symmetry (PDS), for which a prescribed symmetry is obeyed by only a subset of solvable eigenstates, while other eigenstates are strongly mixed. We present an explicit construction of…