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Deep neural networks power most recent successes of artificial intelligence, spanning from self-driving cars to computer aided diagnosis in radiology and pathology. The high-stake data intensive process of surgery could highly benefit from…
Neural network models can now recognise images, understand text, translate languages, and play many human games at human or superhuman levels. These systems are highly abstracted, but are inspired by biological brains and use only…
For the most of my life, I have earned my living as a computer vision professional busy with image processing tasks and problems. In the computer vision community there is a widespread belief that artificial vision systems faithfully…
Intelligence can be defined as a predominantly human ability to accomplish tasks that are generally hard for computers and animals. Artificial Intelligence [AI] is a field attempting to accomplish such tasks with computers. AI is becoming…
Natural Language Processing (NLP) helps empower intelligent machines by enhancing a better understanding of the human language for linguistic-based human-computer communication. Recent developments in computational power and the advent of…
Despite significant achievements and current interest in machine learning and artificial intelligence, the quest for a theory of intelligence, allowing general and efficient problem solving, has done little progress. This work tries to…
The fields of artificial intelligence and neuroscience have a long history of fertile bi-directional interactions. On the one hand, important inspiration for the development of artificial intelligence systems has come from the study of…
This article aims to demonstrate how the approach to computing is being disrupted by deep learning (artificial neural networks), not only in terms of techniques but also in our interactions with machines. It also addresses the philosophical…
Artificial intelligence (AI) raises expectations of substantial increases in rates of technological and scientific progress, but such anticipations are often not connected to detailed ground-level studies of AI use in innovation processes.…
Artificial and biological systems may evolve similar computational solutions despite fundamental differences in architecture and learning mechanisms -- a form of convergent evolution. We demonstrate this phenomenon through large-scale…
Recently, deep learning has been advancing the state of the art in artificial intelligence to a new level, and humans rely on artificial intelligence techniques more than ever. However, even with such unprecedented advancements, the lack of…
Nowadays, represented by Deep Learning techniques, the field of machine learning is experiencing unprecedented prosperity and its influence is demonstrated in academia, industry and civil society. "Intelligent" has become a label which…
The emergence of powerful artificial intelligence is defining new research directions in neuroscience. To date, this research has focused largely on deep neural networks trained using supervised learning, in tasks such as image…
A definition of Artificial Intelligence was proposed in [1] but this definition was not absolutely formal at least because the word "Human" was used. In this paper we will formalize the definition from [1]. The biggest problem in this…
Deep learning has sparked a network of mutual interactions between different disciplines and AI. Naturally, each discipline focuses and interprets the workings of deep learning in different ways. This diversity of perspectives on deep…
Can artificial intelligence discover, from raw experience and without human supervision, concepts that humans have discovered? One challenge is that human concepts themselves are fluid: conceptual boundaries can shift, split, and merge as…
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the evolution and impact of Artificial Intelligence technologies in today society. Beginning with a historical context while exploring a few general definitions of AI, the author provides a…
Some of the strongest evidence that human minds should be thought about in terms of symbolic systems has been the way they combine ideas, produce novelty, and learn quickly. We argue that modern neural networks -- and the artificial…
The current expansion of theory and research on artificial intelligence in management and organization studies has revitalized the theory and research on decision-making in organizations. In particular, recent advances in deep learning (DL)…
Artificial Intelligence has been developed for decades with the achievement of great progress. Recently, deep learning shows its ability to solve many real world problems, e.g. image classification and detection, natural language…