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A physical unclonable function (PUF), analogous to a human fingerprint, has gained an enormous amount of attention from both academia and industry. SRAM PUF is among one of the popular silicon PUF constructions that exploits random initial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-23 Yansong Gao , Hua Ma , Said F. Al-Sarawi , Derek Abbott , Damith C. Ranasinghe

With the expansion of the semiconductor supply chain, the use of recycled field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) has become a serious concern. Several methods for detecting recycled FPGAs by analyzing the ring oscillator (RO) frequencies…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Yuya Isaka , Michihiro Shintani , Foisal Ahmed , Michiko Inoue

In order to service an ever-growing base of legacy electronics, both government and industry customers must turn to third-party brokers for components in short supply or discontinued by the original manufacturer. Sourcing equipment from a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Harrison Williams , Alexander Lind , Kishankumar Parikh , Matthew Hicks

In this paper we extend our investigations on noise-assisted storage devices through the experimental study of a loop composed of a single Schmitt trigger and an element that introduces a finite delay. We show that such a system allows the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2015-05-27 G. Bellomo , G. A. Patterson , P. I. Fierens , D. F. Grosz

We propose spin transfer torque--magnetoresistive random access memory (STT-MRAM) based on magneto-resistance and spin transfer torque physics of band-pass spin filtering. Utilizing the electronic analogs of optical phenomena such as…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-20 Abhishek Sharma , Ashwin Tulapurkar , Bhaskaran Muralidharan

Various constraints of Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) are leading to consider new memory technologies as candidates for building on-chip shared last-level caches (SLLCs). Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (STT-RAM) is currently postulated as the…

The inability to efficiently tune the optical properties of waveguiding structures has been one of the major hurdles for the future scalability of integrated photonic systems. In silicon photonics, although dynamic tuning has been achieved…

Optics · Physics 2017-10-10 You-Chia Chang , Samantha P. Roberts , Brian Stern , Michal Lipson

Recently, recycled field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) pose a significant hardware security problem due to the proliferation of the semiconductor supply chain. Ring oscillator (RO) based frequency analyzing technique is one of the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Tanvir Ahmad Tarique , Foisal Ahmed , Maksim Jenihhin , Liakot Ali

Despite their attractiveness as metastability filters, Schmitt-Triggers can suffer from metastability themselves. Therefore, in the selection or construction of a suitable Schmitt-Trigger implementation, it is a necessity to accurately…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Jürgen Maier , Andreas Steininger

In this paper, we propose a Spin-Torque (ST) based sensing scheme that can enable energy efficient multi-bit long distance interconnect architectures. Current-mode interconnects have recently been proposed to overcome the performance…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Zubair Al Azim , Abhronil Sengupta , Syed Shakib Sarwar , Kaushik Roy

Spin-Torque-Transfer RAM (STTRAM) is a promising technology however process variation poses serious challenge to sensing. To eliminate bit-to-bit process variation we propose a reference-less, destructive slope detection technique which…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Seyedhamidreza Motaman , Swaroop Ghosh , Jae-Won Jang , Anirudh Iyengar , Rekha Govindaraj , Zakir Khondker

The increase in the number of counterfeit and recycled microelectronic chips in recent years has created significant security and safety concerns in various applications. Hence, detecting such counterfeit chips in electronic systems is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Maryam Saadat Safa , Tahoura Mosavirik , Shahin Tajik

Weak-value-amplification permits small effects to be measured as observable changes at the sacrifice of power due to post-selection. The power recycling scheme has been proven to eliminate this inefficiency of the rare post-selection, thus…

Optics · Physics 2023-09-20 Zi-Rui Zhong , Wei-Jun Tan , Yue Chen , Qing-Lin Wu

The qualities of Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) suffer from several noticeable degradations due to silicon aging. In this paper, we investigate the long-term effects of silicon aging on PUFs derived from the start-up behavior of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Rui Wang , Georgios Selimis , Roel Maes , Sven Goossens

Digital off-detector electronics in trigger and data acquisition systems of High-Energy Physics experiments is often implemented by means of SRAM-based FPGAs, which make it possible to achieve reconfigurable, real-time processing and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-06-29 Raffaele Giordano , Sabrina Perrella , Dario Barbieri , Vincenzo Izzo , Alberto Aloisio

With the outsourcing of design flow, ensuring the security and trustworthiness of integrated circuits has become more challenging. Among the security threats, IC counterfeiting and recycled ICs have received a lot of attention due to their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Ashkan Vakil , Farzad Niknia , Ali Mirzaeian , Avesta Sasan , Naghmeh Karimi

In spin-based quantum information processing devices, the presence of control and detection circuitry can change the local environment of a spin by introducing strain and electric fields, altering its resonant frequencies. These resonance…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-04-18 J. J. Pla , A. Bienfait , G. Pica , J. Mansir , F. A. Mohiyaddin , Z. Zeng , Y. M. Niquet , A. Morello , T. Schenkel , J. J. L. Morton , P. Bertet

Spin filtering and its back-action spin transfer torque (STT) are key ingredients of latest spintronic devices based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Resonant tunneling (RT), implemented by design or occurring as parasitic effects, is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Maciej Bazarnik , Anika Schlenhoff

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are lightweight cryptographic primitives for generating unique signatures from minuscule manufacturing variations. In this work, we present lightweight, area efficient and low power adaptive multi-bit…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Sudarshan Sharma , Dhruv Thapar , Nikhil Bhelave , Mrigank Sharad

Photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based plasmonic sensors have gained considerable attention because of their highly sensitive performance and broad range of sensing regimes. In this work, a relatively simple ultra-sensitive PCF-based surface…

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