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The computational equivalence between approximate counting and sampling is well established for polynomial-time algorithms. The most efficient general reduction from counting to sampling is achieved via simulated annealing, where the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-03 David G. Harris , Vladimir Kolmogorov , Hongyang Liu , Yitong Yin , Yiyao Zhang

In this paper, we evaluate stochastic-computing simulated annealing (SC-SA) for solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems. SC-SA is designed using stochastic computing, where the computatoin is reazlied using random bitstream,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Kota Katsuki , Duckgyu Shin , Naoya Onizawa , Takahiro Hanyu

To enhance the performance of quantum annealing machines, several methods have been proposed to reduce the number of spins by fixing spin values through preprocessing. We proposed a hybrid optimization method that combines a simulated…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-22 Shuta Kikuchi , Nozomu Togawa , Shu Tanaka

Ising machines have the potential to realize fast and highly accurate solvers for combinatorial optimization problems. They are classified based on their internal algorithms. Examples include simulated-annealing-based Ising machines…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-15 Shuta Kikuchi , Nozomu Togawa , Shu Tanaka

We show clear evidence of a quadratic speedup of a quantum annealing (QA) Schroedinger dynamics over a Glauber master-equation simulated annealing (SA) for a random Ising model in one dimension, via an equal-footing exact deterministic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-06 Tommaso Zanca , Giuseppe E. Santoro

Quantum annealing is an emerging metaheuristic used for solving combinatorial optimisation problems. However, hardware based physical quantum annealers are primarily limited to a single vendor. As an alternative, we can discretise the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-20 Ameya Bhave , Ajinkya Borle

Quantum annealing (QA) has been proposed as a quantum enhanced optimization heuristic exploiting tunneling. Here, we demonstrate how finite range tunneling can provide considerable computational advantage. For a crafted problem designed to…

Simulated annealing (SA) is applied for three-dimensional (3D) equilibrium calculation of ideal, low-beta reduced MHD in cylindrical geometry. The SA is based on the theory of Hamiltonian mechanics. The dynamical equation of the original…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-04-05 M. Furukawa , P. J. Morrison

Quantum Annealing (QA) is a computational framework where a quantum system's continuous evolution is used to find the global minimum of an objective function over an unstructured search space. It can be seen as a general metaheuristic for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-04 Arthur Braida , Simon Martiel , Ioan Todinca

Adaptive simulated annealing (ASA) is a global optimization algorithm based on an associated proof that the parameter space can be sampled much more efficiently than by using other previous simulated annealing algorithms. The author's ASA…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Lester Ingber

Sample average approximation (SAA) is a tractable approach for dealing with chance constrained programming, a challenging stochastic optimization problem. The constraint of SAA is characterized by the $0/1$ loss function which results in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Shenglong Zhou , Lili Pan , Naihua Xiu , Geoffrey Ye Li

The presence of a bias field, encoding some information about the target state, can enhance the performance of quantum optimization methods. Here we investigate the effect of such a bias field on the outcome of quantum annealing sampling,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-19 Tobias Graß

Simulated annealing solves global optimization problems by means of a random walk in a cooling energy landscape based on the objective function and a temperature parameter. However, if the temperature is decreased too quickly, this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Vincent Molin , Axel Ringh , Moritz Schauer , Akash Sharma

Quantum annealing (QA) with a transverse field often fails to sample degenerate ground states fairly, limiting applicability to problems requiring diverse optimal solutions. Although Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) is widely used to simulate QA,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Naoki Maruyama , Masayuki Ohzeki , Kazuyuki Tanaka

The approximation of a high-dimensional vector by a small combination of column vectors selected from a fixed matrix has been actively debated in several different disciplines. In this paper, a sampling approach based on the Monte Carlo…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-05 Tomoyuki Obuchi , Yoshiyuki Kabashima

Stochastic approximation (SA) is a key method used in statistical learning. Recently, its non-asymptotic convergence analysis has been considered in many papers. However, most of the prior analyses are made under restrictive assumptions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-18 Belhal Karimi , Blazej Miasojedow , Eric Moulines , Hoi-To Wai

Theory of simulated annealing (SA), a method for equilibrium and stability analyses for Hamiltonian systems, is reviewed. The SA explained in this review is based on a double bracket formulation that derives from Hamiltonian structure. In…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-09-27 M. Furukawa , P. J. Morrison

Combinatorial optimization problems can be solved by heuristic algorithms such as simulated annealing (SA) which aims to find the optimal solution within a large search space through thermal fluctuations. The algorithm generates new…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-10-30 Shoummo Ahsan Khandoker , Jawaril Munshad Abedin , Mohamed Hibat-Allah

This paper concerns the use of sequential Monte Carlo methods (SMC) for smoothing in general state space models. A well-known problem when applying the standard SMC technique in the smoothing mode is that the resampling mechanism introduces…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-03-06 Jimmy Olsson , Olivier Cappé , Randal Douc , Eric Moulines

Gradient descent algorithm is the most utilized method when optimizing machine learning issues. However, there exists many local minimums and saddle points in the loss function, especially for high dimensional non-convex optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Zhicheng Cai